SharePoint 2010 Interview Capsule
SharePoint as a product is easy to understand, install and configure but when it comes to giving or taking interview it becomes very difficult to find the precise questions one can ask or study. This eBook appraises SharePoint 2010 developers, administrators, architects, users and interviewers about the key terms and precise questions to remember in SharePoint 2010.The frequently asked question during interviews are stated in simple language.
The user will also come to know about
· SharePoint Basic Questions.
· SharePoint Customized Questions.
· SharePoint Advance Questions.
All the questions listed are important and one must go through and remember all of them but then as per industry definition role, one can ponder the questions like this:
· SharePoint Basic Questions- SharePoint 2010 Users/ Developers/ Architects/Administrators
· SharePoint Customized Questions- SharePoint 2010 Developers/ Architects
· SharePoint Advance Questions- SharePoint 2010 Users/ Developers/ Architects/Administrators
The aim of writing SharePoint Interview capsule is to list SharePoint 2010 interview questions.
SharePoint as a product is easy to understand, install and configure but when it comes to giving or taking interview it becomes very difficult to find the precise questions one can ask or study. This eBook appraises SharePoint 2010 developers, administrators, architects, users and interviewers about the key terms and precise questions to remember in SharePoint 2010.The frequently asked question during interviews are stated in simple language.
The user will also come to know about
· SharePoint Basic Questions.
· SharePoint Customized Questions.
· SharePoint Advance Questions.
All the questions listed are important and one must go through and remember all of them but then as per industry definition role, one can ponder the questions like this:
· SharePoint Basic Questions- SharePoint 2010 Users/ Developers/ Architects/Administrators
· SharePoint Customized Questions- SharePoint 2010 Developers/ Architects
· SharePoint Advance Questions- SharePoint 2010 Users/ Developers/ Architects/Administrators
The aim of writing SharePoint Interview capsule is to list SharePoint 2010 interview questions.
Basic Questions
1. What is SharePoint 2010?
SharePoint was born out of a simple idea: “Sharing Documents”. Microsoft developed family of software products called “SharePoint”, to perform features like File Sharing, Collaboration, and Web Publishing. In simple terms, SharePoint acts as the single platform to share, communicate, store, and collaborate the content, documents, and records.
2. What does SharePoint 2010 family of products consists of?
1. SharePoint Foundation 2010
2. Search Server 2010 Express
3. SharePoint Server 2010
4. Search Server 2010
5. FAST™ Search Server 2010 for SharePoint
6. SharePoint Designer 2010
3. What is the History of SharePoint?
SharePoint Products
Site Server V 1.0 (1996)
Site Server V 3.0 (1998)
SharePoint Portal Server (SPS) in 2001
SharePoint Portal Server 2003
Office SharePoint Server 2007
SharePoint Portal Server 2010
Microsoft Frontpage
SharePoint Team Services (STS) in 2001
Windows SharePoint Services 2.0
Windows SharePoint Services 3.0
SharePoint Foundation Server 2010
SharePoint Designer 2007
SharePoint Designer 2010
4. What are Features of SharePoint?
Communities: The new version of SharePoint allows users to work together in different ways. Microsoft has enhanced the social feature of SharePoint 2007 in SharePoint 2010 and has made it look better. Communities allow people to collaborate in groups, share knowledge, and find information on various topics easily.
Content: SharePoint content shifts SharePoint 2010 from a departmental solution to an enterprise solution. There has been massive improvement in content wherein users can add a significant number of documents to SharePoint. They can even use external data storage options to store more data.
Search: Microsoft SharePoint 2010 has acquired FAST search server, which improves the search tremendously for users. Now, users not only can search for content, but also people. User can opt for better language options with thumbnails and previews. User can even sort out the search queries and study similar search to get relevant search results.
Insights: with the help of SharePoint insights, users can access information through different data sources like dashboards, scorecards, reports and more. To help users, Microsoft has introduced performance point server to the SharePoint platform. It is also known as Performance point services for SharePoint. It helps users discover right people and expertise to make better business decisions.
Compositions: SharePoint being a complete platform helps users in creating their code solution on premises or in the cloud. Complex application can be developed with the help of well-known tools like:
· InfoPath
· SharePoint designer 2010
· Visio 2010
5. What are the new features in Sharepoint?
1- Access Services: Use Access Services in Microsoft SharePoint Server 2010 to edit, update, and create linked Microsoft Access 2010 databases that can be viewed and manipulated by using an Internet browser.
2- Business Connectivity Services: SharePoint Server 2010 include Microsoft Business Connectivity Services, which is a set of services and features that provide a way to connect SharePoint-based solutions to sources of external data and to define external content types based on that external data
3- Central Administration: Central Administration has been redesigned in SharePoint Server 2010 to provide a more familiar experience
4- Digital Asset Management: SharePoint Server 2010 includes a new asset library specially designed for managing and sharing digital assets such as audio, video, and other rich media files.
5- Enterprise Search (Fast Search): With the new capabilities in SharePoint Server 2010, search administrators can configure an optimal search infrastructure that helps end users find information in the enterprise quickly and efficiently.
6- Excel Services: Excel Services in SharePoint 2010 can be used to publish Excel client workbooks on SharePoint Server 2010
7- Health Monitoring: SharePoint Server 2010 includes an integrated health analysis tool called SharePoint Health Analyzer that enables SharePoint Server to automatically check for potential configuration, performance, and usage problems
8- Managed Metadata: The Managed Metadata Service supports the use of managed metadata, as well as the sharing of content types across the enterprise.
9- Performance Point Services: Performance Point Services in Microsoft SharePoint Server 2010 provides flexible, easy-to-use tools for building dashboards, scorecards, and key performance indicators (KPIs
10- Records Management: In SharePoint Server 2010, user can manage records in an archive, or can manage records in the same document repository as active document
11- Sandboxed Solutions: User can deploy sandboxed solutions to quickly and more securely solve business problems. Sandboxed solutions are like farm solutions except in the following ways: they are rights-restricted and have a more permissive deployment policy than farm solutions; they are limited to the site collection to which they are deployed;
12- Social Computing: SharePoint Server 2010 includes social networking tools such as My Site Web sites and social content technologies such as blogs, wikis, and really simple syndication (RSS). These features are built upon a database of properties that integrates information about people from many kinds of business applications and directory services
13- Upgrade:
13.1: Visual Upgrade:
A new feature that is available with upgrade allows the server administrator or site owner to determine when and if the new look for SharePoint Server 2010 is used for a particular site collection. Server administrators can choose to adopt the new look and feel for all sites during upgrade, let site owners make the choice after upgrade, or keep the old look and feel for all site 13.2: Feature Upgrade:
SharePoint Foundation 2010 provides new members and types that make it possible for user to upgrade custom Features through versioning and declarative upgrade actions. User can update any Features created for Office SharePoint Server 2007 to work with SharePoint Server 2010 by using these members.
14- Visio Services: The Visio Graphics Service is a service on the SharePoint Server 2010 platform that enables users to share and view Visio diagrams and enables data-connected Microsoft Visio 2010 diagrams to be refreshed and updated from a variety of data source
15- Windows Power Shell: Windows Power Shell is the new command-line interface and scripting language specifically designed for Admin
16- Client Object Model: Microsoft SharePoint Foundation 2010 introduces three new client APIs for interacting with SharePoint sites: from a .NET managed application, from a Microsoft Silverlight or from ECMAScript (JavaScript, JScript) that executes in the browser. The new client object models provide an object-oriented system for interoperating with SharePoint data from a remote computer easier to use existing SharePoint Foundation Web services.
6. What are the key differences between Windows Shared Services 3.0 and MOSS 2007?
Feature Name / Area
WSS (3.0)
MOSS 2007 Collaboration
Standard site templates
Inc.
Inc. Social networking web part N/A New
Wikis
Inc.
Inc. Blogs Inc. Inc.
Email integration
Inc.
Inc. Document collaboration Inc. Inc.
Real time presence and communication
Inc.
Inc. Enterprise Portal N/A
My site personal site
N/A
New User profiles N/A New
Feature Name / Area
WSS (3.0)
MOSS 2007
Audience targeting
N/A
New Site Manager N/A New
Mobile device support
Inc.
Inc. Colleagues and membership web parts N/A New Privacy & Security
N/A
New Content syndication N/A New
Integration with SharePoint designer (FrontPage technology)
Inc.
Inc. Integration with outlook 2007 Inc. Inc.
Integration with access, excel, PowerPoint, word 2007
Inc.
Inc. Enterprise search
Search results
Inc.
Inc. Enterprise content sources N/A New
People search
N/A
New Business data search N/A New
Indexing controls
N/A
New Administration management N/A New
User interface
Inc.
Inc. Enterprise content management
Business document workflow support
N/A
New Document information panel Inc. Inc.
WYSIWYG web content editor
N/A
New Page layouts N/A New
Navigation controls
N/A
New Content authoring N/A New
E-mail content as records
N/A
New Records repository N/A New
Business process forms
Browser based forms N/A New
Centralized forms management and control
N/A
New Compatibility checker N/A New
Integrated deployment model for “No code” forms
N/A
New Form import wizard N/A New
“Design once” development model
N/A
New Business intelligence
Business data catalog
N/A
New Key performance indicators N/A New
Integrated business intelligence dashboards
N/A
New Web based business intelligence using excel services N/A New
Feature Name / Area
WSS (3.0)
MOSS 2007
Data connection libraries
N/A
New Business data web parts N/A New
Platform services
Notification service N/A New
Single sign on
N/A
New Excel spreadsheet developer reuse and extensibility N/A New
Workflow
Inc.
Inc. Support for ASP. Net 2.0 Inc. Inc.
7. What are the key differences between Windows Shared Services 3.0 and Microsoft SharePoint Foundation 2010?
Feature Name / Area
WSS (3.0)
Foundation 2010 Business Connectivity service N/A New Windows PowerShell N/A
New Sandboxed solutions N/A New
Claims based authentication N/A
New Central administration N/A New
Client object model N/A
New Ribbon Interface N/A New
ULS Logging N/A
New Service application framework N/A New
Upgrade N/A
New Health monitoring N/A New
Audience targeting N/A
New Silverlight web parts N/A New
Browser based customization N/A
New Workflows N/A New
SharePoint designer N/A
New Microsoft synch framework N/A New
InfoPath form services N/A New
8. What are the key differences between SharePoint Server 2007 vs. SharePoint Server 2010?
Feature Name / Area
SharePoint Server 2007
SharePoint Server 2010 Sites
Office Integration
Inc.
Imp Line-of-Business Integration Inc. Imp
Enterprise Management Operations
Inc.
Imp Management tools and reporting Inc. Imp
Feature Name / Area
SharePoint Server 2007
SharePoint Server 2010
Web Analytics
N/A
New Mobile Connectivity Inc. Imp
Full-fidelity viewing
N/A
New Editing to mobile N/A New
Contextual Ribbon
N/A
New Microsoft Silverlight N/A New
Office Web Applications
N/A
New Tagging N/A New
Audience Targeting
Inc.
Imp Communities
People profiles
Inc.
Imp Photos and presence N/A New
Micro blogging
N/A
New Note Board N/A New
Recent activities
N/A
New Organization Browser N/A New
Add colleagues
Inc.
Imp Social bookmarks N/A New
Tags
N/A
New Blogs Inc. Imp
Wikis
Inc.
Imp Enterprise Wikis N/A New
Ratings
N/A
New Colleague suggestions Inc. Imp
Keyword suggestions
N/A
New Content
Compliance Everywhere
N/A
New Flexible Records Management N/A New
Shared Content Types and Managed Metadata Service
N/A
New Content Organizer N/A New
Rich Media Management
N/A
New Document Sets N/A New
Word Automation Services
N/A
New Support for Accessibility Standards N/A New
Search
People and expertise search Inc. Imp
Search from Windows7 and Windows Mobile
Inc.
Imp Common connector framework for indexing and federation Inc. Imp
Scale and performance via Imp topology architecture
Inc.
Imp Ability to build search-powered applications Inc. Imp
Refinement panel and sorting
N/A
New
Feature Name / Area
SharePoint Server 2007
SharePoint Server 2010 Social behavior improves relevancy N/A New
Thumbnails, previews, and view in browser
N/A
New Advanced content processing with strong linguistics N/A New
Insights
KPI details N/A New
Dashboard Designer
Inc
Imp Enhanced navigation, including filtering and sorting N/A New
Publish more workbooks
N/A
New JavaScript Object Model N/A New
PowerShell scripting
N/A
New Richer fidelity with Excel workbooks N/A New
Support for Analytical Services formatting
N/A
New Additional data sources, including external lists and "Power Pivot" workbooks (naming to come) N/A New
Imp strategy map connection and formatting
N/A
New Seamless management of dashboard content Inc. Imp
Integrated filter framework
N/A
New Calculated KPIs N/A New
Imp visualizations
N/A
New Chart Web Parts N/A New
Business Intelligence Centre
N/A
New Composites
Browser-based customizations
Inc.
Imp Business Connectivity Services N/A New
SharePoint Designer
Inc.
Imp Human workflow Inc. Imp
Form Services
Inc.
Imp Visio Services N/A New
Access Services
N/A
New Sandboxed Solutions N/A New
1. What is SharePoint 2010?
SharePoint was born out of a simple idea: “Sharing Documents”. Microsoft developed family of software products called “SharePoint”, to perform features like File Sharing, Collaboration, and Web Publishing. In simple terms, SharePoint acts as the single platform to share, communicate, store, and collaborate the content, documents, and records.
2. What does SharePoint 2010 family of products consists of?
1. SharePoint Foundation 2010
2. Search Server 2010 Express
3. SharePoint Server 2010
4. Search Server 2010
5. FAST™ Search Server 2010 for SharePoint
6. SharePoint Designer 2010
3. What is the History of SharePoint?
SharePoint Products
Site Server V 1.0 (1996)
Site Server V 3.0 (1998)
SharePoint Portal Server (SPS) in 2001
SharePoint Portal Server 2003
Office SharePoint Server 2007
SharePoint Portal Server 2010
Microsoft Frontpage
SharePoint Team Services (STS) in 2001
Windows SharePoint Services 2.0
Windows SharePoint Services 3.0
SharePoint Foundation Server 2010
SharePoint Designer 2007
SharePoint Designer 2010
4. What are Features of SharePoint?
Communities: The new version of SharePoint allows users to work together in different ways. Microsoft has enhanced the social feature of SharePoint 2007 in SharePoint 2010 and has made it look better. Communities allow people to collaborate in groups, share knowledge, and find information on various topics easily.
Content: SharePoint content shifts SharePoint 2010 from a departmental solution to an enterprise solution. There has been massive improvement in content wherein users can add a significant number of documents to SharePoint. They can even use external data storage options to store more data.
Search: Microsoft SharePoint 2010 has acquired FAST search server, which improves the search tremendously for users. Now, users not only can search for content, but also people. User can opt for better language options with thumbnails and previews. User can even sort out the search queries and study similar search to get relevant search results.
Insights: with the help of SharePoint insights, users can access information through different data sources like dashboards, scorecards, reports and more. To help users, Microsoft has introduced performance point server to the SharePoint platform. It is also known as Performance point services for SharePoint. It helps users discover right people and expertise to make better business decisions.
Compositions: SharePoint being a complete platform helps users in creating their code solution on premises or in the cloud. Complex application can be developed with the help of well-known tools like:
· InfoPath
· SharePoint designer 2010
· Visio 2010
5. What are the new features in Sharepoint?
1- Access Services: Use Access Services in Microsoft SharePoint Server 2010 to edit, update, and create linked Microsoft Access 2010 databases that can be viewed and manipulated by using an Internet browser.
2- Business Connectivity Services: SharePoint Server 2010 include Microsoft Business Connectivity Services, which is a set of services and features that provide a way to connect SharePoint-based solutions to sources of external data and to define external content types based on that external data
3- Central Administration: Central Administration has been redesigned in SharePoint Server 2010 to provide a more familiar experience
4- Digital Asset Management: SharePoint Server 2010 includes a new asset library specially designed for managing and sharing digital assets such as audio, video, and other rich media files.
5- Enterprise Search (Fast Search): With the new capabilities in SharePoint Server 2010, search administrators can configure an optimal search infrastructure that helps end users find information in the enterprise quickly and efficiently.
6- Excel Services: Excel Services in SharePoint 2010 can be used to publish Excel client workbooks on SharePoint Server 2010
7- Health Monitoring: SharePoint Server 2010 includes an integrated health analysis tool called SharePoint Health Analyzer that enables SharePoint Server to automatically check for potential configuration, performance, and usage problems
8- Managed Metadata: The Managed Metadata Service supports the use of managed metadata, as well as the sharing of content types across the enterprise.
9- Performance Point Services: Performance Point Services in Microsoft SharePoint Server 2010 provides flexible, easy-to-use tools for building dashboards, scorecards, and key performance indicators (KPIs
10- Records Management: In SharePoint Server 2010, user can manage records in an archive, or can manage records in the same document repository as active document
11- Sandboxed Solutions: User can deploy sandboxed solutions to quickly and more securely solve business problems. Sandboxed solutions are like farm solutions except in the following ways: they are rights-restricted and have a more permissive deployment policy than farm solutions; they are limited to the site collection to which they are deployed;
12- Social Computing: SharePoint Server 2010 includes social networking tools such as My Site Web sites and social content technologies such as blogs, wikis, and really simple syndication (RSS). These features are built upon a database of properties that integrates information about people from many kinds of business applications and directory services
13- Upgrade:
13.1: Visual Upgrade:
A new feature that is available with upgrade allows the server administrator or site owner to determine when and if the new look for SharePoint Server 2010 is used for a particular site collection. Server administrators can choose to adopt the new look and feel for all sites during upgrade, let site owners make the choice after upgrade, or keep the old look and feel for all site 13.2: Feature Upgrade:
SharePoint Foundation 2010 provides new members and types that make it possible for user to upgrade custom Features through versioning and declarative upgrade actions. User can update any Features created for Office SharePoint Server 2007 to work with SharePoint Server 2010 by using these members.
14- Visio Services: The Visio Graphics Service is a service on the SharePoint Server 2010 platform that enables users to share and view Visio diagrams and enables data-connected Microsoft Visio 2010 diagrams to be refreshed and updated from a variety of data source
15- Windows Power Shell: Windows Power Shell is the new command-line interface and scripting language specifically designed for Admin
16- Client Object Model: Microsoft SharePoint Foundation 2010 introduces three new client APIs for interacting with SharePoint sites: from a .NET managed application, from a Microsoft Silverlight or from ECMAScript (JavaScript, JScript) that executes in the browser. The new client object models provide an object-oriented system for interoperating with SharePoint data from a remote computer easier to use existing SharePoint Foundation Web services.
6. What are the key differences between Windows Shared Services 3.0 and MOSS 2007?
Feature Name / Area
WSS (3.0)
MOSS 2007 Collaboration
Standard site templates
Inc.
Inc. Social networking web part N/A New
Wikis
Inc.
Inc. Blogs Inc. Inc.
Email integration
Inc.
Inc. Document collaboration Inc. Inc.
Real time presence and communication
Inc.
Inc. Enterprise Portal N/A
My site personal site
N/A
New User profiles N/A New
Feature Name / Area
WSS (3.0)
MOSS 2007
Audience targeting
N/A
New Site Manager N/A New
Mobile device support
Inc.
Inc. Colleagues and membership web parts N/A New Privacy & Security
N/A
New Content syndication N/A New
Integration with SharePoint designer (FrontPage technology)
Inc.
Inc. Integration with outlook 2007 Inc. Inc.
Integration with access, excel, PowerPoint, word 2007
Inc.
Inc. Enterprise search
Search results
Inc.
Inc. Enterprise content sources N/A New
People search
N/A
New Business data search N/A New
Indexing controls
N/A
New Administration management N/A New
User interface
Inc.
Inc. Enterprise content management
Business document workflow support
N/A
New Document information panel Inc. Inc.
WYSIWYG web content editor
N/A
New Page layouts N/A New
Navigation controls
N/A
New Content authoring N/A New
E-mail content as records
N/A
New Records repository N/A New
Business process forms
Browser based forms N/A New
Centralized forms management and control
N/A
New Compatibility checker N/A New
Integrated deployment model for “No code” forms
N/A
New Form import wizard N/A New
“Design once” development model
N/A
New Business intelligence
Business data catalog
N/A
New Key performance indicators N/A New
Integrated business intelligence dashboards
N/A
New Web based business intelligence using excel services N/A New
Feature Name / Area
WSS (3.0)
MOSS 2007
Data connection libraries
N/A
New Business data web parts N/A New
Platform services
Notification service N/A New
Single sign on
N/A
New Excel spreadsheet developer reuse and extensibility N/A New
Workflow
Inc.
Inc. Support for ASP. Net 2.0 Inc. Inc.
7. What are the key differences between Windows Shared Services 3.0 and Microsoft SharePoint Foundation 2010?
Feature Name / Area
WSS (3.0)
Foundation 2010 Business Connectivity service N/A New Windows PowerShell N/A
New Sandboxed solutions N/A New
Claims based authentication N/A
New Central administration N/A New
Client object model N/A
New Ribbon Interface N/A New
ULS Logging N/A
New Service application framework N/A New
Upgrade N/A
New Health monitoring N/A New
Audience targeting N/A
New Silverlight web parts N/A New
Browser based customization N/A
New Workflows N/A New
SharePoint designer N/A
New Microsoft synch framework N/A New
InfoPath form services N/A New
8. What are the key differences between SharePoint Server 2007 vs. SharePoint Server 2010?
Feature Name / Area
SharePoint Server 2007
SharePoint Server 2010 Sites
Office Integration
Inc.
Imp Line-of-Business Integration Inc. Imp
Enterprise Management Operations
Inc.
Imp Management tools and reporting Inc. Imp
Feature Name / Area
SharePoint Server 2007
SharePoint Server 2010
Web Analytics
N/A
New Mobile Connectivity Inc. Imp
Full-fidelity viewing
N/A
New Editing to mobile N/A New
Contextual Ribbon
N/A
New Microsoft Silverlight N/A New
Office Web Applications
N/A
New Tagging N/A New
Audience Targeting
Inc.
Imp Communities
People profiles
Inc.
Imp Photos and presence N/A New
Micro blogging
N/A
New Note Board N/A New
Recent activities
N/A
New Organization Browser N/A New
Add colleagues
Inc.
Imp Social bookmarks N/A New
Tags
N/A
New Blogs Inc. Imp
Wikis
Inc.
Imp Enterprise Wikis N/A New
Ratings
N/A
New Colleague suggestions Inc. Imp
Keyword suggestions
N/A
New Content
Compliance Everywhere
N/A
New Flexible Records Management N/A New
Shared Content Types and Managed Metadata Service
N/A
New Content Organizer N/A New
Rich Media Management
N/A
New Document Sets N/A New
Word Automation Services
N/A
New Support for Accessibility Standards N/A New
Search
People and expertise search Inc. Imp
Search from Windows7 and Windows Mobile
Inc.
Imp Common connector framework for indexing and federation Inc. Imp
Scale and performance via Imp topology architecture
Inc.
Imp Ability to build search-powered applications Inc. Imp
Refinement panel and sorting
N/A
New
Feature Name / Area
SharePoint Server 2007
SharePoint Server 2010 Social behavior improves relevancy N/A New
Thumbnails, previews, and view in browser
N/A
New Advanced content processing with strong linguistics N/A New
Insights
KPI details N/A New
Dashboard Designer
Inc
Imp Enhanced navigation, including filtering and sorting N/A New
Publish more workbooks
N/A
New JavaScript Object Model N/A New
PowerShell scripting
N/A
New Richer fidelity with Excel workbooks N/A New
Support for Analytical Services formatting
N/A
New Additional data sources, including external lists and "Power Pivot" workbooks (naming to come) N/A New
Imp strategy map connection and formatting
N/A
New Seamless management of dashboard content Inc. Imp
Integrated filter framework
N/A
New Calculated KPIs N/A New
Imp visualizations
N/A
New Chart Web Parts N/A New
Business Intelligence Centre
N/A
New Composites
Browser-based customizations
Inc.
Imp Business Connectivity Services N/A New
SharePoint Designer
Inc.
Imp Human workflow Inc. Imp
Form Services
Inc.
Imp Visio Services N/A New
Access Services
N/A
New Sandboxed Solutions N/A New
9. What are the key differences between SharePoint Foundation 2010
vs. SharePoint Server 2010?
Feature Name / Area
SharePoint Foundation 2010
SharePoint Server 2010 Excel Services N/A New
Visio Services
N/A
New Web analytics N/A New
Windows PowerShell
Inc.
Inc
Feature Name / Area
SharePoint Foundation 2010
SharePoint Server 2010 Multilingual interface Inc Inc
Ribbon interface
Inc
Inc Enterprise search N/A New
Performance Point services
N/A
New Word automation services N/A New
Sandboxed solutions
Inc
Inc Business connectivity services Inc Inc
Audience targeting
Inc
Inc Mobile connectivity Inc Inc
User profiles and social data
N/A
New Enterprise content management N/A New
InfoPath forms services
Inc
Inc Workflows Inc Inc
Query enhancements
Inc
Inc
10. What are the key differences between NET vs. SharePoint?
Feature Name / Area
.NET
SharePoint Creation Code need to be written even to achieve simple functionality Lots of pre-defined web parts and elements available no need to write the code.
Time
Takes time to create the code and test
Very less time required Skilled Professionals Skilled professionals are required to create the functionality Even novice professionals can do so easily
License Requirement
Not required at the time of deployment of solution
Free versions available, but in case of extensive requirements License is required
11. What is Site collection?
SharePoint site collection is a logical grouping of multiple SharePoint site or hierarchical site structure. For e.g. Sites of various teams or departments of an organization can be grouped logically in one site collection. A site collection consists of a top-level site and one or more sites below it. Each top-level site and any sites below it in the site structure are based on a site template and can have other unique settings and content. Hence, SharePoint site collection is a hierarchical set of sites that can be managed together. Sites within a site collection have common features, such as shared permissions, galleries for templates, content types, and Web Parts, and they often share a common navigation. A sub site can inherit permissions and navigation structure from its parent site or these can be specified and managed independently. Creation of sub sites can be delegated to users of a site collection, but a service administrator must perform creation of site collections
12. What is Site?
Site is a collection of web pages used to store information in an organized manner. It stores a list of documents, discussions, events, tasks, and many other types of information. Site provides controlled access to share information among users, i.e. authorize users are allowed to access the site & its elements. User can configure following elements in SharePoint site:
1. Templates: Template acts as stencils, used to create similar attribute elements.
2. Language: SharePoint has ability to create multilingual sites. Language packs are installed on the server to translate the portal in other languages. User can select a language-specific site template while creating new site.
3. Security: User can define unique user groups and permissions for each site as well as site elements.
4. Navigation: Site navigation reflects the relationships among the sites in a site collection. User can fine-tune site's navigation experience by configuring unique navigation links in each part of site's hierarchy. Therefore, planning navigation and planning sites structures are closely related activities.
5. Web pages: Web pages in sites or site collection are used to display information.
6. Site layouts: Site Layout dictates the overall look and feel of the SharePoint site.
7. Themes: Themes specify the appearance of site in terms of Color & font.
8. Regional settings: Regional settings are specific to particular country or geography, such as locale, time zone, sort order, time format and calendar type.
9. Search: User can make each site having unique search settings. For example, user can specify that a particular site never appear in search results.
10. Content types: A content type defines the attributes of a list item, a document, or a folder.
11. Workflows: Workflow defines the action or series of actions that has to be performed on the occurrence of event.
13. What is Sub Site?
A sub-site is a single SharePoint site within a site collection. A sub-site can inherit permissions and navigation structure from its parent site or can be specified and managed independently.
14. What is List?
A SharePoint list is a collection of records related to an entity like a student, employees, etc. Records in lists are termed as items. A list contains columns or fields that define the item data or metadata. Lists are created using a GUI interface by defining the metadata types. Once the Lists are created, it becomes very easy to add, edit, delete, and search items in it.
15. What is Document Library?
A Document library allows users to easily store, upload, share, collaborate, and track documents or files. Users can also store the properties related to documents called metadata to make the documents easily searchable.
16. What is Picture library?
A Picture library allows users to easily store, upload, share, collaborate and track images or digital pictures. Users can also store the properties related to images called metadata to make the images easily searchable.
17. What is Check-out?
Check-out ensures that only one person can edit a document at a time. To edit a document, a user would first have to check out a document. This prevents anyone else from editing the document until that user check the document back in. During the period that the document is checked out, other users can only view a read-only version of the document.
18. What is Check-in?
Check in a file means that user is uploading the modified file to the library and it is now available for edit by other users. Once the document is checked in, the document becomes available again to be checked out by someone else. In addition, all changes made by the person who checked in the document are now visible to others.
19. What is Versioning?
Versioning allows updates, restoring and tracking of the items in a list or in a library when they are changed. Versioning makes use of version numbers to keep track of changes.
20. What is Site Columns?
A site column is a reusable column definition, or template that user can assign to multiple lists across multiple SharePoint sites. Site columns are useful if user organization wants to establish some consistent settings across lists and libraries.
21. What are the various built in columns available in SharePoint 2010?
1. Single line of text
2. Multiple lines of text
3. Choice (menu to choose from)
4. Number (1, 1.0, 100)
5. Currency ($, ¥, €)
6. Date and Time
7. Lookup (information already on this site)
8. Yes/No (check box)
9. Person or Group
10. Hyperlink or Picture
11. Calculated (calculation based on other columns)
12. Full HTML content with formatting and constraints for publishing
13. Image with formatting and constraints for publishing
14. Hyperlink with formatting and constraints for publishing
15. Summary Links data
16. Rich media data for publishing
17. Managed Metadata
22. What is Content Type?
A content type is a reusable collection of metadata (columns), workflow, behavior, and other settings for a category of items or documents. Content types enable user to manage the settings for a category of information in a centralized and reusable manner. A content type defines the attributes of a list item, a document, or a folder. Each content type can specify properties to associate with items of its type.
23. What is rating?
Rating provides user the ability to rate content (of any type, lists, documents, pages on a site, and even content types) and stores that rating information in the database. It is an assessment or classification of content on a scale according to how well the content meets specific criteria. Ratings show an average score that can range from 1 to 100.
24. What is Audience targeting?
The content inside lists, libraries, web parts, etc., can be targeted to appear only for the users who are members of a particular group or audience. The audience can be identified via SharePoint groups, distribution lists and security groups.
25. What are views?
SharePoint Foundation 2010
SharePoint Server 2010 Excel Services N/A New
Visio Services
N/A
New Web analytics N/A New
Windows PowerShell
Inc.
Inc
Feature Name / Area
SharePoint Foundation 2010
SharePoint Server 2010 Multilingual interface Inc Inc
Ribbon interface
Inc
Inc Enterprise search N/A New
Performance Point services
N/A
New Word automation services N/A New
Sandboxed solutions
Inc
Inc Business connectivity services Inc Inc
Audience targeting
Inc
Inc Mobile connectivity Inc Inc
User profiles and social data
N/A
New Enterprise content management N/A New
InfoPath forms services
Inc
Inc Workflows Inc Inc
Query enhancements
Inc
Inc
10. What are the key differences between NET vs. SharePoint?
Feature Name / Area
.NET
SharePoint Creation Code need to be written even to achieve simple functionality Lots of pre-defined web parts and elements available no need to write the code.
Time
Takes time to create the code and test
Very less time required Skilled Professionals Skilled professionals are required to create the functionality Even novice professionals can do so easily
License Requirement
Not required at the time of deployment of solution
Free versions available, but in case of extensive requirements License is required
11. What is Site collection?
SharePoint site collection is a logical grouping of multiple SharePoint site or hierarchical site structure. For e.g. Sites of various teams or departments of an organization can be grouped logically in one site collection. A site collection consists of a top-level site and one or more sites below it. Each top-level site and any sites below it in the site structure are based on a site template and can have other unique settings and content. Hence, SharePoint site collection is a hierarchical set of sites that can be managed together. Sites within a site collection have common features, such as shared permissions, galleries for templates, content types, and Web Parts, and they often share a common navigation. A sub site can inherit permissions and navigation structure from its parent site or these can be specified and managed independently. Creation of sub sites can be delegated to users of a site collection, but a service administrator must perform creation of site collections
12. What is Site?
Site is a collection of web pages used to store information in an organized manner. It stores a list of documents, discussions, events, tasks, and many other types of information. Site provides controlled access to share information among users, i.e. authorize users are allowed to access the site & its elements. User can configure following elements in SharePoint site:
1. Templates: Template acts as stencils, used to create similar attribute elements.
2. Language: SharePoint has ability to create multilingual sites. Language packs are installed on the server to translate the portal in other languages. User can select a language-specific site template while creating new site.
3. Security: User can define unique user groups and permissions for each site as well as site elements.
4. Navigation: Site navigation reflects the relationships among the sites in a site collection. User can fine-tune site's navigation experience by configuring unique navigation links in each part of site's hierarchy. Therefore, planning navigation and planning sites structures are closely related activities.
5. Web pages: Web pages in sites or site collection are used to display information.
6. Site layouts: Site Layout dictates the overall look and feel of the SharePoint site.
7. Themes: Themes specify the appearance of site in terms of Color & font.
8. Regional settings: Regional settings are specific to particular country or geography, such as locale, time zone, sort order, time format and calendar type.
9. Search: User can make each site having unique search settings. For example, user can specify that a particular site never appear in search results.
10. Content types: A content type defines the attributes of a list item, a document, or a folder.
11. Workflows: Workflow defines the action or series of actions that has to be performed on the occurrence of event.
13. What is Sub Site?
A sub-site is a single SharePoint site within a site collection. A sub-site can inherit permissions and navigation structure from its parent site or can be specified and managed independently.
14. What is List?
A SharePoint list is a collection of records related to an entity like a student, employees, etc. Records in lists are termed as items. A list contains columns or fields that define the item data or metadata. Lists are created using a GUI interface by defining the metadata types. Once the Lists are created, it becomes very easy to add, edit, delete, and search items in it.
15. What is Document Library?
A Document library allows users to easily store, upload, share, collaborate, and track documents or files. Users can also store the properties related to documents called metadata to make the documents easily searchable.
16. What is Picture library?
A Picture library allows users to easily store, upload, share, collaborate and track images or digital pictures. Users can also store the properties related to images called metadata to make the images easily searchable.
17. What is Check-out?
Check-out ensures that only one person can edit a document at a time. To edit a document, a user would first have to check out a document. This prevents anyone else from editing the document until that user check the document back in. During the period that the document is checked out, other users can only view a read-only version of the document.
18. What is Check-in?
Check in a file means that user is uploading the modified file to the library and it is now available for edit by other users. Once the document is checked in, the document becomes available again to be checked out by someone else. In addition, all changes made by the person who checked in the document are now visible to others.
19. What is Versioning?
Versioning allows updates, restoring and tracking of the items in a list or in a library when they are changed. Versioning makes use of version numbers to keep track of changes.
20. What is Site Columns?
A site column is a reusable column definition, or template that user can assign to multiple lists across multiple SharePoint sites. Site columns are useful if user organization wants to establish some consistent settings across lists and libraries.
21. What are the various built in columns available in SharePoint 2010?
1. Single line of text
2. Multiple lines of text
3. Choice (menu to choose from)
4. Number (1, 1.0, 100)
5. Currency ($, ¥, €)
6. Date and Time
7. Lookup (information already on this site)
8. Yes/No (check box)
9. Person or Group
10. Hyperlink or Picture
11. Calculated (calculation based on other columns)
12. Full HTML content with formatting and constraints for publishing
13. Image with formatting and constraints for publishing
14. Hyperlink with formatting and constraints for publishing
15. Summary Links data
16. Rich media data for publishing
17. Managed Metadata
22. What is Content Type?
A content type is a reusable collection of metadata (columns), workflow, behavior, and other settings for a category of items or documents. Content types enable user to manage the settings for a category of information in a centralized and reusable manner. A content type defines the attributes of a list item, a document, or a folder. Each content type can specify properties to associate with items of its type.
23. What is rating?
Rating provides user the ability to rate content (of any type, lists, documents, pages on a site, and even content types) and stores that rating information in the database. It is an assessment or classification of content on a scale according to how well the content meets specific criteria. Ratings show an average score that can range from 1 to 100.
24. What is Audience targeting?
The content inside lists, libraries, web parts, etc., can be targeted to appear only for the users who are members of a particular group or audience. The audience can be identified via SharePoint groups, distribution lists and security groups.
25. What are views?
User can use views to see the items
in a list or library that are most important to user or that best fit a
purpose. For example, user can create views of the files that were created most
recently, of the list items that apply to a specific department, or of the
files created by one person. After creating a view, it is always available when
user looks at a list or library. User can create personal views and public
views. A personal view is available only to user while looking at a list or
library. A public view is available when anyone looks at a list or library. To
create a public view, user must have permission to change the design of the
list or library. User can make a public view the default view for a list or
library.
26. What are the various types of views?
26. What are the various types of views?
1. Standard This view displays
list items or files like a traditional list on a Web page. Standard view is the
default for most types of lists and libraries, and user can customize it in
several different ways. 2. Calendar This view displays the calendar items in a visual
format that is similar to a desk or wall calendar. User can apply daily,
weekly, or monthly views in this format. For example, user can create a
calendar to track the team's deadlines for a project or holidays for the
organization.
3. Datasheet This view provides data
in a format that user can edit, such as a table in a database or spreadsheet.
This view can be helpful if user need to perform large editing tasks or
customization, or export data to a spreadsheet or database program. Datasheet
view requires a
control or program that is compatible with Windows SharePoint Services, such as Office Access 2007, and ActiveX control support.
control or program that is compatible with Windows SharePoint Services, such as Office Access 2007, and ActiveX control support.
4. Gantt This view provides a
visual view of data, with bars that track progress, if data is based on a time
interval. A Gantt view can help user manage projects and see a quick overview
of the data. User can use this view, for example, to see which tasks overlap
each other and to visualize overall progress.
27. What is Task list?
A task list in SharePoint displays a collection of tasks that has to be performed. Users can also add columns or metadata to store additional information about the tasks.
28. What is Document Set?
27. What is Task list?
A task list in SharePoint displays a collection of tasks that has to be performed. Users can also add columns or metadata to store additional information about the tasks.
28. What is Document Set?
Document Set enables users to group multiple documents that
support a single project or task, together into a single entity. All documents
in a Document Set share the metadata and the entire set can be versioned.
Document sets are built on SharePoint 2010 content types, and user can create
multiple unique document set content types as part of their implementation.
29. What is Drop-Off Library?
The Drop Off Library will be the default destination when a user tries to upload a document to this site. This is used when user does not know that where should the document be uploaded in the site. In that case, user uploads the document in this library and the document is routed automatically to the specific library.
30. What is Routing Rules List?
The Routing Rules list, as its name implies, contains the rules for how a document is to be routed to its final destination. These rules are written to route the documents to their final and proper destination.
31. What is Blogs?
Blogs is a type of website, usually maintained by an individual with regular entries of commentary, description of events, or other material such as graphics or video. It can be used to post ideas, observations, thoughts and expertise on which comments can be done.
32. What is Enterprise wiki?
An enterprise wiki is a publishing site for sharing and updating large volumes of information across an enterprise. Enterprise wiki can be used as a central repository for large organizations to store and share unstated information.
33. What is Tagging?
Tagging is the ability to tag documents that enables user to search document easily with keywords. Tags cloud webparts enable users to display tagging keywords.
34. What is Recent activity?
The recent activity is a helpful way to understand what the person has been working on recently.
35. What is Survey?
Survey is used when user want to collect the responses from various people, across the organization about any event, any activity or any other thing. It is a list that allows user to collect the responses in various ways. User can ask the questions and they can answer those questions and then result can be analyzed by taking it to the excel sheet or through graphical summary or by watching all responses at once.
36. What is My site?
My Site is the individual mini sites and acts as a central location to view and manage all of a user’s documents, tasks, etc. My Sites enables users to easily share information about themselves and their work. This sharing of information encourages collaboration, builds and promotes information about expertise, and targets relevant content to the people who are interested.
37. What is enterprise Metadata Management?
Enterprise metadata management (EMM) is a set of features introduced in Microsoft SharePoint Server 2010 that enable taxonomists, librarians, and administrators to create and manage terms and sets of terms across the enterprise.
There are two key principles in the use of metadata:
1. Use of tags: It is easy for a site to use enterprise wide tags and taxonomies, and easy for users to apply them.
2. Application of tags in SharePoint 2010: The document libraries are configured to use metadata as a primary navigation pivot and improves search.
38. What is Web part?
Web Parts are customizable plug and play components that empower information workers to create personalized user interfaces by simply dragging and dropping them on a Web page. Web parts allow customization at both design time and run time. There are two types of web parts.
1. In-built web parts – Web parts that are included in SharePoint. Developers can drag them from web part galleries and drop them into web part zones.
2. Custom web parts – Web parts that are created by the user using visual studio is called custom web parts.
A Web Part is composed of the following entities:
1. The Web Part description file (.dwp) is a portable container of default and personalized property values for the Web Part.
2. The Web Part assembly file (.dll) contains the logic and code for the Web Part, and is installed on the server running Windows SharePoint Services.
3. Resource files that support the Web Part; these are also stored on the server.
4. Tables in the Windows SharePoint Services database are used to store current values of the Web Part properties.
39. What is RSS Viewer?
RSS viewer is a web part that provides a good way of adding interesting content to SharePoint site pages.
40. What is a Record Center?
The Records Center is intended to serve as a central repository in which an organization can store and manage all of its records such as legal or financial documents. The Records Center supports the entire records management process, from records collection through records management to records disposition. The Records Center site template is a pre-configured site designed specifically to help organizations implement their records management and retention programs. Versioning, auditing, metadata management, eDiscovery, and customizable record routing are built-in features that can help user to manage records more effectively.
41. What is Document Center?
Document Center is a site on which user can centrally manage documents in an enterprise. A large-scale library useful as an enterprise knowledge base or historical archive includes features to help users navigate, search, and manage many documents in a deep hierarchy by using a set of specialized Web Parts.
42. What is Digital asset management?
SharePoint server 2010 includes a new asset library specially designed for managing and sharing digital assets such as audio, video, and other rich media files known as Digital Asset Management.
43. What is Social networking?
Social Networking Connects public to MySite pages to help establish connections between colleagues with common interests.
44. What is a recycle bin in SharePoint?
Whenever user will delete something, it goes to recycle bin in SharePoint. User can restore items that have been deleted from the site from the recycle bin.
45. What is Publishing feature?
Publishing feature enables the delivery of content for both internal and external users. User need to turn on the Publishing feature on a site. Checked in and Checked Out feature in a Site gets enabled and if user don’t Checked-in the change version then older version of pages are shown to users .Users can then brand the site so that it has the corporate look and feel, and can enable other users to edit the corporate site within the context of the Web. On a site with the Publishing functionality turned on, user can also create a multilingual site by creating a source site and then translating the site into other languages, which can be published as separate sites.
46. What is Branding?
Branding means to create and design the portal according to the organizational norms, by changing the title, logo, header, footer, and content to provide the look and feel that suite the organization. Creating custom-designed UIs, either on a traditional HTML page or in Microsoft SharePoint Server 2010, is known as branding. Branding of portals is done to achieve the unique corporate identity of an organization across the market.
47. What are Master page?
Master pages are template that other pages can inherit from to keep consistent functionality. The pages that inherit from master pages are referred to as content pages. Master pages allow developers to keep consistent, reusable, web based code (html, CSS, JavaScript, etc.) at one high level place, so that the content pages can concentrate on their specific web based code. A content page refers to a master page and the ASP. Net framework merges the two pages together to make one page.
48. What are the various types of master pages?
There are three types of master pages in SharePoint 2010:
1- V4.master Default team site master page. Provides ribbon bar and other editing features using UI.
2- Default.master Sites upgraded from SharePoint 2007 use this unless they are changed to use a v4 version.
3- Minimal.master These trimmed-down custom master pages are commonly referred to as Starter Master Pages in SharePoint 2010.
49. What are Content pages?
Content pages implement a master page. Content pages contain an attribute, which informs the compiler that the page should be, merged with a master page. This attribute is part of the page directive tag called the MasterPageFile.
50. What is Page Layout?
Page layout dictates the overall look and feel of a web page. A page layout relies on a content type to determine the kind of content that can be stored on pages. Page layout contains field controls and web part.
51. What is Site definition?
Site definitions are the foundations on which all sites and user templates are built. These are the collection of XML or ASPX files. Site definition contains information of web parts, lists, libraries, features, and navigation bars to be included in the site.
52. What is Site template?
A site template provides the basic component and layout of a new site created under SharePoint. A site template contains specific design information about a site, including the list that is part of the site, web part pages used in the site, the site’s themes and borders, changes to the quick launch bar,
as well as some site content (such as document libraries). Site templates are used to allow the rapid creation of websites and basic content in a SharePoint system.
Following is a list of site templates available in SharePoint 2010.
Template
Purpose
Category in Site Collection
Category in Site Assets Web Database An assets database to keep track of assets, including asset details and owners. N/A Web Databases
Basic Meeting Workspace
A site on which user can plan, organize, and capture the results of a meeting. It provides lists for managing the agenda, meeting attendees, and documents.
Meetings
Meetings Basic Search Center A site that provides basic search functionality. The site includes pages for search results and advanced searches. Use this template if user does not require people search or publishing features. Enterprise Search
Blank Meeting Workspace
A blank meeting site that user can customize based on requirements.
Meetings
Meetings Blank Site A blank site that user can customize based on requirements. Collaboration Blank & Custom
Blog
A site on which a person or team can post ideas, observations, and expertise that site visitors can comment on.
Collaboration
Content Business Intelligence Center A site for presenting business intelligence data. It provides document libraries for storing documents, images, data connections, and dashboard Web Parts. It also provides lists for linking content from PerformancePoint Services. Enterprise N/A
Charitable Contributions Web Database
A database to track information about fundraising campaigns including donations made by contributors, campaign-related events, and pending tasks.
N/A
Web Databases Contacts Web Database A contacts database to manage information about people that team works with, such as customers and partners. N/A Web Databases
Decision Meeting Workspace
A site on which user can track status or make decisions at meetings. It provides lists to create tasks, store documents, and record decisions.
Meetings
Meetings Document Center A site on which user can centrally manage documents in the enterprise. Enterprise Content
Document Workspace
A site on which colleagues can work together on a document. It provides a document library for storing the primary document and supporting files, a tasks list for assigning to-do items, and a links list to point to resources.
Collaboration
Collaboration, Content Enterprise Search Center A site that provides the search functionality. The welcome page includes a search box that has two tabs: one for general searches and another for searches for information about people. Enterprise Search
Enterprise Wiki
A site on which user can publish knowledge that users capture and want to share across
Publishing
Content
the enterprise. It provides an easy content editing experience in a single location for co-authoring content, for discussions, and for managing projects. FAST Search Center A site for delivering the FAST search experience. The welcome page includes a search box with two tabs: one for general searches and another for searches for information about people. User can add and customize tabs to focus on other search scopes or result types. A refinement option provides a count of each query refiner. Enterprise Search
Group Work Site
This template provides a groupware solution that teams can use to create, organize, and share information. It includes the Group Calendar, Circulation, Phone-Call Memo, document library and other basic lists.
Collaboration
Collaboration Issues Web Database An issues database to manage a set of issues or problems. User can assign, prioritize, and follow the progress of issues from start to finish. N/A Web Databases
Multipage Meeting Workspace
A site on which user can plan a meeting and capture decisions and other results from the meeting. It provides lists for managing the agenda and meeting attendees. It also provides two blank pages that user can customize based on the requirements.
Meetings
Meetings My Site Host A site that hosts personal sites (My Sites) and the public People Profile page. This template has to be provisioned only once per User Profile Service Application. This template is available only at the site collection level. Enterprise N/A
Personalization Site
A site for delivering personalized views, data, and navigation from this site collection to My Sites. It includes Web Parts that are specific to personalization and navigation that is optimized for My Sites.
This template is available only at the site level.
N/A
Blank & Custom Projects Web Database A project-tracking database to track multiple projects, and assign tasks to different people. N/A Web Databases
Publishing Portal
A starter site hierarchy that user can use for an Internet site or a large intranet portal. User can use distinctive branding to customize this site. It includes a home page, a sample press releases site, a Search Center, and a logon page. Typically, this site has many more readers than contributors, and it is used to publish the Web pages by using approval workflows.
It also restricts the rights of anonymous users so that they can see only content pages, and they cannot see SharePoint Server 2010 application pages.
Publishing
N/A
Publishing Site A blank site for expanding the Web site and quickly publishing Web pages. Contributors can work on draft versions of pages and publish them to make them visible to readers. This site includes document and image libraries for storing Web publishing assets. N/A Content
Publishing Site with Workflow
A site for publishing Web pages on a schedule by using approval workflows. It includes document and image libraries for storing Web publishing assets. By default, only sites that have this template can be created under this site.
This template is available only at the site level when the Publishing Portal template is used to create the top-level site.
N/A
Content Records Center A site that is designed for records management. Records managers can configure the routing table to direct incoming files to specific locations. The site also enables user to manage whether records can be deleted or modified after they are added to the repository. Enterprise Data
Social Meeting Workspace
A site on which user can plan social occasions. It provides lists for tracking attendees, providing directions, and storing pictures of the event.
Meetings
Meetings Team Site A site on which a team can organize, author, and share information. It provides a document library, and lists for managing announcements, calendar items, tasks, and discussions. Collaboration Collaboration
Visio Process Repository
A site on which teams can view, share, and store Visio process diagrams. It provides a versioned document library for storing process diagrams, and lists for managing announcements, tasks, and review discussions.
Collaboration
Content
53. What are the key differences between Site template and site definition?
Site Definitions
Site Templates
Site Definitions are the foundations on which all sites and user templates are built. Site Definition is collection ox XML and .aspx file. Site Definitions are predefined components needs to be included when a site was created in SharePoint server. Site Definition contains information of Web Part , Lists, Features and navigation bars to be included in the site Site template approach for SharePoint Site Creation is easier, and just requires the use of the Web interface and occasionally Microsoft FrontPage. Content can be saved with site template
Files are on disk, better performance.
Files are in content database, less efficient. Highly customizable and extensible (XML and .NET code is much more flexible than UI) Not easily extensible (users are limited by what UI offers)
Can provision multiple webs
Can only provision one web
54. What is ONET.xml?
ONET.xml file is present in TEMPLATE\SiteTemplates\XML\Onet.xml location, which defines the setup of the site definition, such as which Features to load, where the web parts go and what they will perform and which document library templates to assign and many more.
55. List all the types of custom templates in SharePoint 2010?
Custom templates are of four types:
· List Templates
List templates contain the files, views, fields, Web Parts, and, optionally, the content that is associated with a list. Users create list templates on the Save as Template page for a list or through code, that uses the SaveAsTemplate method of the SPList class. When saved, list templates are stored in the List Template Gallery of the top-level site in a site collection, where they become available to all sites in the site collection that derive from the same site definition and language as the site on which the list was originally created
· Library Templates
A library template contains several types of libraries like asset library, document library, form library, record library, picture library, wiki page library. Each type of library displays a list of files and key information about the files, such as who was the last person to modify the file, which helps people to use the files to work together.
· Page Templates
Page template contains web part page, publishing page, and a normal html page. These templates are easily customizable and are used for sharing content.
· Site Templates
Site templates contain the same type of data as list templates, but site templates include data for the entire site. Like list templates, site templates may also include the content of the site.
56. What is Theme?
SharePoint theme represents a collection of graphics and cascading style sheets that can modify how a website looks. Using themes, we can change font and color scheme of the sites.
57. What is Navigation in SharePoint 2010? Site navigation provides the primary interface for site users to move around on the sites and pages on the site. Microsoft SharePoint Server 2010 includes a set of customizable and extensible navigation features that help orient users of the site so they can move around on its sites and pages.
58. What are the various options for Navigation available in SharePoint 2010?
29. What is Drop-Off Library?
The Drop Off Library will be the default destination when a user tries to upload a document to this site. This is used when user does not know that where should the document be uploaded in the site. In that case, user uploads the document in this library and the document is routed automatically to the specific library.
30. What is Routing Rules List?
The Routing Rules list, as its name implies, contains the rules for how a document is to be routed to its final destination. These rules are written to route the documents to their final and proper destination.
31. What is Blogs?
Blogs is a type of website, usually maintained by an individual with regular entries of commentary, description of events, or other material such as graphics or video. It can be used to post ideas, observations, thoughts and expertise on which comments can be done.
32. What is Enterprise wiki?
An enterprise wiki is a publishing site for sharing and updating large volumes of information across an enterprise. Enterprise wiki can be used as a central repository for large organizations to store and share unstated information.
33. What is Tagging?
Tagging is the ability to tag documents that enables user to search document easily with keywords. Tags cloud webparts enable users to display tagging keywords.
34. What is Recent activity?
The recent activity is a helpful way to understand what the person has been working on recently.
35. What is Survey?
Survey is used when user want to collect the responses from various people, across the organization about any event, any activity or any other thing. It is a list that allows user to collect the responses in various ways. User can ask the questions and they can answer those questions and then result can be analyzed by taking it to the excel sheet or through graphical summary or by watching all responses at once.
36. What is My site?
My Site is the individual mini sites and acts as a central location to view and manage all of a user’s documents, tasks, etc. My Sites enables users to easily share information about themselves and their work. This sharing of information encourages collaboration, builds and promotes information about expertise, and targets relevant content to the people who are interested.
37. What is enterprise Metadata Management?
Enterprise metadata management (EMM) is a set of features introduced in Microsoft SharePoint Server 2010 that enable taxonomists, librarians, and administrators to create and manage terms and sets of terms across the enterprise.
There are two key principles in the use of metadata:
1. Use of tags: It is easy for a site to use enterprise wide tags and taxonomies, and easy for users to apply them.
2. Application of tags in SharePoint 2010: The document libraries are configured to use metadata as a primary navigation pivot and improves search.
38. What is Web part?
Web Parts are customizable plug and play components that empower information workers to create personalized user interfaces by simply dragging and dropping them on a Web page. Web parts allow customization at both design time and run time. There are two types of web parts.
1. In-built web parts – Web parts that are included in SharePoint. Developers can drag them from web part galleries and drop them into web part zones.
2. Custom web parts – Web parts that are created by the user using visual studio is called custom web parts.
A Web Part is composed of the following entities:
1. The Web Part description file (.dwp) is a portable container of default and personalized property values for the Web Part.
2. The Web Part assembly file (.dll) contains the logic and code for the Web Part, and is installed on the server running Windows SharePoint Services.
3. Resource files that support the Web Part; these are also stored on the server.
4. Tables in the Windows SharePoint Services database are used to store current values of the Web Part properties.
39. What is RSS Viewer?
RSS viewer is a web part that provides a good way of adding interesting content to SharePoint site pages.
40. What is a Record Center?
The Records Center is intended to serve as a central repository in which an organization can store and manage all of its records such as legal or financial documents. The Records Center supports the entire records management process, from records collection through records management to records disposition. The Records Center site template is a pre-configured site designed specifically to help organizations implement their records management and retention programs. Versioning, auditing, metadata management, eDiscovery, and customizable record routing are built-in features that can help user to manage records more effectively.
41. What is Document Center?
Document Center is a site on which user can centrally manage documents in an enterprise. A large-scale library useful as an enterprise knowledge base or historical archive includes features to help users navigate, search, and manage many documents in a deep hierarchy by using a set of specialized Web Parts.
42. What is Digital asset management?
SharePoint server 2010 includes a new asset library specially designed for managing and sharing digital assets such as audio, video, and other rich media files known as Digital Asset Management.
43. What is Social networking?
Social Networking Connects public to MySite pages to help establish connections between colleagues with common interests.
44. What is a recycle bin in SharePoint?
Whenever user will delete something, it goes to recycle bin in SharePoint. User can restore items that have been deleted from the site from the recycle bin.
45. What is Publishing feature?
Publishing feature enables the delivery of content for both internal and external users. User need to turn on the Publishing feature on a site. Checked in and Checked Out feature in a Site gets enabled and if user don’t Checked-in the change version then older version of pages are shown to users .Users can then brand the site so that it has the corporate look and feel, and can enable other users to edit the corporate site within the context of the Web. On a site with the Publishing functionality turned on, user can also create a multilingual site by creating a source site and then translating the site into other languages, which can be published as separate sites.
46. What is Branding?
Branding means to create and design the portal according to the organizational norms, by changing the title, logo, header, footer, and content to provide the look and feel that suite the organization. Creating custom-designed UIs, either on a traditional HTML page or in Microsoft SharePoint Server 2010, is known as branding. Branding of portals is done to achieve the unique corporate identity of an organization across the market.
47. What are Master page?
Master pages are template that other pages can inherit from to keep consistent functionality. The pages that inherit from master pages are referred to as content pages. Master pages allow developers to keep consistent, reusable, web based code (html, CSS, JavaScript, etc.) at one high level place, so that the content pages can concentrate on their specific web based code. A content page refers to a master page and the ASP. Net framework merges the two pages together to make one page.
48. What are the various types of master pages?
There are three types of master pages in SharePoint 2010:
1- V4.master Default team site master page. Provides ribbon bar and other editing features using UI.
2- Default.master Sites upgraded from SharePoint 2007 use this unless they are changed to use a v4 version.
3- Minimal.master These trimmed-down custom master pages are commonly referred to as Starter Master Pages in SharePoint 2010.
49. What are Content pages?
Content pages implement a master page. Content pages contain an attribute, which informs the compiler that the page should be, merged with a master page. This attribute is part of the page directive tag called the MasterPageFile.
50. What is Page Layout?
Page layout dictates the overall look and feel of a web page. A page layout relies on a content type to determine the kind of content that can be stored on pages. Page layout contains field controls and web part.
51. What is Site definition?
Site definitions are the foundations on which all sites and user templates are built. These are the collection of XML or ASPX files. Site definition contains information of web parts, lists, libraries, features, and navigation bars to be included in the site.
52. What is Site template?
A site template provides the basic component and layout of a new site created under SharePoint. A site template contains specific design information about a site, including the list that is part of the site, web part pages used in the site, the site’s themes and borders, changes to the quick launch bar,
as well as some site content (such as document libraries). Site templates are used to allow the rapid creation of websites and basic content in a SharePoint system.
Following is a list of site templates available in SharePoint 2010.
Template
Purpose
Category in Site Collection
Category in Site Assets Web Database An assets database to keep track of assets, including asset details and owners. N/A Web Databases
Basic Meeting Workspace
A site on which user can plan, organize, and capture the results of a meeting. It provides lists for managing the agenda, meeting attendees, and documents.
Meetings
Meetings Basic Search Center A site that provides basic search functionality. The site includes pages for search results and advanced searches. Use this template if user does not require people search or publishing features. Enterprise Search
Blank Meeting Workspace
A blank meeting site that user can customize based on requirements.
Meetings
Meetings Blank Site A blank site that user can customize based on requirements. Collaboration Blank & Custom
Blog
A site on which a person or team can post ideas, observations, and expertise that site visitors can comment on.
Collaboration
Content Business Intelligence Center A site for presenting business intelligence data. It provides document libraries for storing documents, images, data connections, and dashboard Web Parts. It also provides lists for linking content from PerformancePoint Services. Enterprise N/A
Charitable Contributions Web Database
A database to track information about fundraising campaigns including donations made by contributors, campaign-related events, and pending tasks.
N/A
Web Databases Contacts Web Database A contacts database to manage information about people that team works with, such as customers and partners. N/A Web Databases
Decision Meeting Workspace
A site on which user can track status or make decisions at meetings. It provides lists to create tasks, store documents, and record decisions.
Meetings
Meetings Document Center A site on which user can centrally manage documents in the enterprise. Enterprise Content
Document Workspace
A site on which colleagues can work together on a document. It provides a document library for storing the primary document and supporting files, a tasks list for assigning to-do items, and a links list to point to resources.
Collaboration
Collaboration, Content Enterprise Search Center A site that provides the search functionality. The welcome page includes a search box that has two tabs: one for general searches and another for searches for information about people. Enterprise Search
Enterprise Wiki
A site on which user can publish knowledge that users capture and want to share across
Publishing
Content
the enterprise. It provides an easy content editing experience in a single location for co-authoring content, for discussions, and for managing projects. FAST Search Center A site for delivering the FAST search experience. The welcome page includes a search box with two tabs: one for general searches and another for searches for information about people. User can add and customize tabs to focus on other search scopes or result types. A refinement option provides a count of each query refiner. Enterprise Search
Group Work Site
This template provides a groupware solution that teams can use to create, organize, and share information. It includes the Group Calendar, Circulation, Phone-Call Memo, document library and other basic lists.
Collaboration
Collaboration Issues Web Database An issues database to manage a set of issues or problems. User can assign, prioritize, and follow the progress of issues from start to finish. N/A Web Databases
Multipage Meeting Workspace
A site on which user can plan a meeting and capture decisions and other results from the meeting. It provides lists for managing the agenda and meeting attendees. It also provides two blank pages that user can customize based on the requirements.
Meetings
Meetings My Site Host A site that hosts personal sites (My Sites) and the public People Profile page. This template has to be provisioned only once per User Profile Service Application. This template is available only at the site collection level. Enterprise N/A
Personalization Site
A site for delivering personalized views, data, and navigation from this site collection to My Sites. It includes Web Parts that are specific to personalization and navigation that is optimized for My Sites.
This template is available only at the site level.
N/A
Blank & Custom Projects Web Database A project-tracking database to track multiple projects, and assign tasks to different people. N/A Web Databases
Publishing Portal
A starter site hierarchy that user can use for an Internet site or a large intranet portal. User can use distinctive branding to customize this site. It includes a home page, a sample press releases site, a Search Center, and a logon page. Typically, this site has many more readers than contributors, and it is used to publish the Web pages by using approval workflows.
It also restricts the rights of anonymous users so that they can see only content pages, and they cannot see SharePoint Server 2010 application pages.
Publishing
N/A
Publishing Site A blank site for expanding the Web site and quickly publishing Web pages. Contributors can work on draft versions of pages and publish them to make them visible to readers. This site includes document and image libraries for storing Web publishing assets. N/A Content
Publishing Site with Workflow
A site for publishing Web pages on a schedule by using approval workflows. It includes document and image libraries for storing Web publishing assets. By default, only sites that have this template can be created under this site.
This template is available only at the site level when the Publishing Portal template is used to create the top-level site.
N/A
Content Records Center A site that is designed for records management. Records managers can configure the routing table to direct incoming files to specific locations. The site also enables user to manage whether records can be deleted or modified after they are added to the repository. Enterprise Data
Social Meeting Workspace
A site on which user can plan social occasions. It provides lists for tracking attendees, providing directions, and storing pictures of the event.
Meetings
Meetings Team Site A site on which a team can organize, author, and share information. It provides a document library, and lists for managing announcements, calendar items, tasks, and discussions. Collaboration Collaboration
Visio Process Repository
A site on which teams can view, share, and store Visio process diagrams. It provides a versioned document library for storing process diagrams, and lists for managing announcements, tasks, and review discussions.
Collaboration
Content
53. What are the key differences between Site template and site definition?
Site Definitions
Site Templates
Site Definitions are the foundations on which all sites and user templates are built. Site Definition is collection ox XML and .aspx file. Site Definitions are predefined components needs to be included when a site was created in SharePoint server. Site Definition contains information of Web Part , Lists, Features and navigation bars to be included in the site Site template approach for SharePoint Site Creation is easier, and just requires the use of the Web interface and occasionally Microsoft FrontPage. Content can be saved with site template
Files are on disk, better performance.
Files are in content database, less efficient. Highly customizable and extensible (XML and .NET code is much more flexible than UI) Not easily extensible (users are limited by what UI offers)
Can provision multiple webs
Can only provision one web
54. What is ONET.xml?
ONET.xml file is present in TEMPLATE\SiteTemplates\XML\Onet.xml location, which defines the setup of the site definition, such as which Features to load, where the web parts go and what they will perform and which document library templates to assign and many more.
55. List all the types of custom templates in SharePoint 2010?
Custom templates are of four types:
· List Templates
List templates contain the files, views, fields, Web Parts, and, optionally, the content that is associated with a list. Users create list templates on the Save as Template page for a list or through code, that uses the SaveAsTemplate method of the SPList class. When saved, list templates are stored in the List Template Gallery of the top-level site in a site collection, where they become available to all sites in the site collection that derive from the same site definition and language as the site on which the list was originally created
· Library Templates
A library template contains several types of libraries like asset library, document library, form library, record library, picture library, wiki page library. Each type of library displays a list of files and key information about the files, such as who was the last person to modify the file, which helps people to use the files to work together.
· Page Templates
Page template contains web part page, publishing page, and a normal html page. These templates are easily customizable and are used for sharing content.
· Site Templates
Site templates contain the same type of data as list templates, but site templates include data for the entire site. Like list templates, site templates may also include the content of the site.
56. What is Theme?
SharePoint theme represents a collection of graphics and cascading style sheets that can modify how a website looks. Using themes, we can change font and color scheme of the sites.
57. What is Navigation in SharePoint 2010? Site navigation provides the primary interface for site users to move around on the sites and pages on the site. Microsoft SharePoint Server 2010 includes a set of customizable and extensible navigation features that help orient users of the site so they can move around on its sites and pages.
58. What are the various options for Navigation available in SharePoint 2010?
1. Navigation controls on
master pages ·
Top link bar navigation ·
Quick Launch navigation ·
Breadcrumb navigation ·
Tree view navigation ·
Metadata navigation 2. Navigation controls on page layouts · Summary Links · Table of Contents · Content Query 3. Navigation Web Parts · Categories ·
Site Aggregator ·
Site in Category ·
Tag Cloud The following navigation Web parts are available only on Publishing
sites: · Summary Links · Table of Contents
59. What is Ribbon interface?
Ribbon Interface act as the UI enhancement in the product. It provides the commands to be executed in the form of Icons and tabs.
60. What is a workflow?
A workflow consists of a sequence of connected steps. It is a depiction of a sequence of operations, declared as work of a person, a group of persons, an organization of staff, or one or more simple or complex mechanisms.
61. Explain .Net Workflow and SharePoint workflow?
1. .Net Workflow: Windows Workflow Foundation (WWF) is a new programming framework introduced in .NET 3.0 for creating reactive programs. A reactive program typically represents a set of procedures or instructions used to capture and automate a specific business process. Windows Workflow Foundation supports publishing a workflow as an ASP.NET Web service on a Web server or server farm running ASP.NET on Internet Information Services (IIS) 6.0. Because Windows Workflow Foundation Web service support is based on ASP.NET 2.0, it inherits most of the features of a standard ASP.NET Web service.
2. SharePoint Workflow: SharePoint workflows are built on top of WWF. WSS extends the WWF. WSS extends the WWF by introducing the concept of a workflow template. The main purpose of the workflow template is to integrate WWF programs into WSS so that they can be installed, configured and parameterized for use. A workflow template is created by adding a Workflow element to a feature that is scoped to the level of the site collection.
62. What is Single sign-on?
Single Sign-on allows users to log on to a variety of applications with the single username and password and user has to enter the details only once for all the applications.
63. What is ULS Logging?
ULS Logging captures and writes events to trace logs.
0.2 Customization Questions
64. What is Sandbox solution?
When user writes custom code, the code is not trusted, its failure can influence entire site. So the sandbox solution concept is used. In that case, program is only written for particular site & solution is uploaded in the same site. The solution size limit is decided at the time of site creation & if size increases or code shows bad performance then it will be easy for the administrator to stop the working of solution.
65. What can be deployed as a Sandbox solution in SharePoint 2010?
Users can deploy the below four things as sandboxed solutions:
1. WebParts.
2. Event Receivers.
3. List Definitions.
4. Workflows.
66. What are the Visual Studio 2010 Tools for SharePoint?
59. What is Ribbon interface?
Ribbon Interface act as the UI enhancement in the product. It provides the commands to be executed in the form of Icons and tabs.
60. What is a workflow?
A workflow consists of a sequence of connected steps. It is a depiction of a sequence of operations, declared as work of a person, a group of persons, an organization of staff, or one or more simple or complex mechanisms.
61. Explain .Net Workflow and SharePoint workflow?
1. .Net Workflow: Windows Workflow Foundation (WWF) is a new programming framework introduced in .NET 3.0 for creating reactive programs. A reactive program typically represents a set of procedures or instructions used to capture and automate a specific business process. Windows Workflow Foundation supports publishing a workflow as an ASP.NET Web service on a Web server or server farm running ASP.NET on Internet Information Services (IIS) 6.0. Because Windows Workflow Foundation Web service support is based on ASP.NET 2.0, it inherits most of the features of a standard ASP.NET Web service.
2. SharePoint Workflow: SharePoint workflows are built on top of WWF. WSS extends the WWF. WSS extends the WWF by introducing the concept of a workflow template. The main purpose of the workflow template is to integrate WWF programs into WSS so that they can be installed, configured and parameterized for use. A workflow template is created by adding a Workflow element to a feature that is scoped to the level of the site collection.
62. What is Single sign-on?
Single Sign-on allows users to log on to a variety of applications with the single username and password and user has to enter the details only once for all the applications.
63. What is ULS Logging?
ULS Logging captures and writes events to trace logs.
0.2 Customization Questions
64. What is Sandbox solution?
When user writes custom code, the code is not trusted, its failure can influence entire site. So the sandbox solution concept is used. In that case, program is only written for particular site & solution is uploaded in the same site. The solution size limit is decided at the time of site creation & if size increases or code shows bad performance then it will be easy for the administrator to stop the working of solution.
65. What can be deployed as a Sandbox solution in SharePoint 2010?
Users can deploy the below four things as sandboxed solutions:
1. WebParts.
2. Event Receivers.
3. List Definitions.
4. Workflows.
66. What are the Visual Studio 2010 Tools for SharePoint?
Visual Studio 2010 includes SharePoint-specific project
types and project item types, and includes powerful packaging, deployment, and
debugging features that help increase the efficiency as a SharePoint 2010
developer. Some of the Templates available are:
1. Visual Web Part project
template.
2. List definition template.
3. Content Type template.
4. Empty Project template.
5. Event Receiver
template.
6. Some workflow template.
7. the Site Definition template And
many more....
67. What is SharePoint Designer?
SharePoint Designer is a specialized HTML editor and web design freeware for creating and modifying Microsoft SharePoint sites and web pages. It is a part of Microsoft SharePoint family products.
68. How does Client object model works?
When developer use SharePoint client API’s to perform a specific task, the SharePoint 2010 managed client object model bundles up these uses of the API into XML and sends it to the server that runs SharePoint Foundation. The server receives this request, and makes appropriate calls into the object model on the server, collects the responses, forms them into JavaScript Object Notation (JSON), and sends that JSON back to the SharePoint Foundation 2010 managed client object model. The client object model parses the JSON and presents the results to the application as .NET Framework objects (or ECMAScript objects for ECMAScript).
69. How many types of Client Object model extension are available in 2010 and when would a developer use one or the other.
67. What is SharePoint Designer?
SharePoint Designer is a specialized HTML editor and web design freeware for creating and modifying Microsoft SharePoint sites and web pages. It is a part of Microsoft SharePoint family products.
68. How does Client object model works?
When developer use SharePoint client API’s to perform a specific task, the SharePoint 2010 managed client object model bundles up these uses of the API into XML and sends it to the server that runs SharePoint Foundation. The server receives this request, and makes appropriate calls into the object model on the server, collects the responses, forms them into JavaScript Object Notation (JSON), and sends that JSON back to the SharePoint Foundation 2010 managed client object model. The client object model parses the JSON and presents the results to the application as .NET Framework objects (or ECMAScript objects for ECMAScript).
69. How many types of Client Object model extension are available in 2010 and when would a developer use one or the other.
To develop rich client side solutions,
three set of client-side APIs has been introduced in the
Microsoft.SharePoint.Client namespace. The three APIs are targeted for three
different types of clients.
1. .Net Managed applications –
These are used when we have to create console applications or window
applications, web applications which are not running inside SharePoint Context.
2. For Silverlight
applications
3. ECMAScript – It is a client
object model extension for using with JavaScript or JScript. This is used for
creating applications, which are hosted inside SharePoint. For example, web
part deployed in SharePoint site can use this JavaScript API for accessing
SharePoint from browser using JavaScript.
70. How does user access ECMAScript object model API’s?
The ECMAScript library is available in a number of JS files in the LAYOUTS folder. The main file among number of .js files is SP.js. When developer includes this file in the APSX page using a ScriptLink control, all other required JS files are loaded automatically. By linking SP.js to the page, the SP namespace is registered. SP is the SharePoint namespace that contains all objects. For debugging purposes, every js file also has a ‘debug’ equivalent in the same folder.
70. How does user access ECMAScript object model API’s?
The ECMAScript library is available in a number of JS files in the LAYOUTS folder. The main file among number of .js files is SP.js. When developer includes this file in the APSX page using a ScriptLink control, all other required JS files are loaded automatically. By linking SP.js to the page, the SP namespace is registered. SP is the SharePoint namespace that contains all objects. For debugging purposes, every js file also has a ‘debug’ equivalent in the same folder.
71. What are the
Authentication methods for the client object model application?
A developer can use three
authentication options while working with the Client Object Model in SharePoint
2010: 1. Anonymous 2. Default 3. FormsAuthentication Developer can specify
clientContext.Authentication = Anonymous\Default\FormsAuthentication, If
developer do not choose an authentication method in the code, the application
will by default start using the client’s Windows Credentials
(DefaultCredentials).
72. How can a developer
write efficient and better performing client object applications? Developer can always use Lambda expressions in their queries
to return only specific properties that will be used in the block. Developer
can also use LoadQuery() method and specify multiple levels of properties to
load for e.g. while returning specific properties of the lists using
LoadQuery(), developer can also specify the fields to return from each list to
optimize the data access.
73. What is difference between Load() and LoadQuery() methods?
Load method populates the client object directly with what it gets data from the server i.e. a collection object like ListItemCollection etc. but LoadQuery returns the data as a completely new collection in IEnumerable format. Other major difference is that the Collections that user load using the Load() method are eligible for garbage collection only when the client context variable itself goes out of scope whereas, in these collections go out of scope at the end of IEnumerable<List> list.
74. What is the purpose of calling clientContext.ExecuteQuery()?
73. What is difference between Load() and LoadQuery() methods?
Load method populates the client object directly with what it gets data from the server i.e. a collection object like ListItemCollection etc. but LoadQuery returns the data as a completely new collection in IEnumerable format. Other major difference is that the Collections that user load using the Load() method are eligible for garbage collection only when the client context variable itself goes out of scope whereas, in these collections go out of scope at the end of IEnumerable<List> list.
74. What is the purpose of calling clientContext.ExecuteQuery()?
ExecuteQuery gives developer the option to minimize the
number of roundtrips to the server from the client code. All the components
loaded into the clientcontext are executed in one go.
75. What is REST? How it
is used in SharePoint 2010?
REST (Representational State transfer) is a protocol
(powered by ADO.NET services) which is used for getting data out of SharePoint
via URL. It is mostly used to access data from SharePoint even when user is not
in the SharePoint context.
76. What data type does
REST return?
REST does not return an object
of type SharePoint Site\List. Instead, it returns an XML output.
77. What is the GAC?
Global Assembly Cache folder
on the server hosting SharePoint. Users place their assemblies here for web
parts and services.
78. What is CAML?
CAML stands for Collaborative
Application Markup Language and is an XML-based language that is used in
Microsoft Windows SharePoint Services to define sites and lists, including, for
example, fields, views, or forms, but CAML is used to define tables in the
Windows SharePoint Services database during site provisioning.
79. Why would a developer
use LINQ over CAML for data retrieval?
Unlike CAML, with LINQ to SharePoint provider, developers
are working with strongly typed list item objects. For example, an item in the
Announcements list is an object of type Announcement and an item on a Tasks
list is an object of type Task. Developer can then enumerate the objects and
get the properties for their use. In addition, developer can take benefit of
LINQ syntax and the LINQ keywords built into C# and VB for LINQ queries.
80. What are the Disadvantages of Using LINQ in the Code?
80. What are the Disadvantages of Using LINQ in the Code?
LINQ translates the LINQ queries into Collaborative
Application Markup Language (CAML) queries thus adding an extra step for
retrieving the items.
81. What does AllowUnsafeUpdates do?
81. What does AllowUnsafeUpdates do?
If developer is trying to
modify Windows SharePoint Services data using code, developer may need to allow
unsafe updates on the Web site, without requiring a security validation. For
this, developer needs to set AllowUnsafeUpdates property to true.
82. What does
RunWithElevatedPrivileges do?
There are certain object models that call another model that
require site-administration privileges. To bypass access-denied error, we use
RunWithElevatedPrivileges property when a nonprivileged user initiates request.
We can successfully make calls into the object model by calling the
RunWithElevatedPrivileges method provided by the SPSecurity class.
83. How is a Content Type created?
We can create column and content types in three ways:
1. Using the SharePoint Foundation user interface.
2. Using the SharePoint Foundation object model.
3. Deploying a Feature that installs the content type based on an XML definition file.
84. How is a Content type deployed?
Content Type can be deployed and associated with list using feature. Inside the Feature, the feature.xml file contains references to all the element manifests within that Feature. Content type definitions are element manifests.
85. What is the scope of a content type?
A site content type becomes available to lists and document libraries within the site in which the content type is created and to the lists and document libraries in any child site.
86. What is an ancestral type and what does it have to do with content types?
An ancestral type is the base type that the content type is deriving from, such as Document (0x0101). The ancestral type will define the metadata fields that are included with the custom content type.
87. Can a list definition be derived from a custom content type?
Yes, a list definition can derive from a content type, which can be seen in the schema.XML of the list definition in the element.
88. When creating a list definition, how can a user create an instance of the list?
User can create a new instance of a list by creating an instance.XML file
89. What is ghosted page?
83. How is a Content Type created?
We can create column and content types in three ways:
1. Using the SharePoint Foundation user interface.
2. Using the SharePoint Foundation object model.
3. Deploying a Feature that installs the content type based on an XML definition file.
84. How is a Content type deployed?
Content Type can be deployed and associated with list using feature. Inside the Feature, the feature.xml file contains references to all the element manifests within that Feature. Content type definitions are element manifests.
85. What is the scope of a content type?
A site content type becomes available to lists and document libraries within the site in which the content type is created and to the lists and document libraries in any child site.
86. What is an ancestral type and what does it have to do with content types?
An ancestral type is the base type that the content type is deriving from, such as Document (0x0101). The ancestral type will define the metadata fields that are included with the custom content type.
87. Can a list definition be derived from a custom content type?
Yes, a list definition can derive from a content type, which can be seen in the schema.XML of the list definition in the element.
88. When creating a list definition, how can a user create an instance of the list?
User can create a new instance of a list by creating an instance.XML file
89. What is ghosted page?
A ghosted page is a page in
SharePoint website which is not stored in the database instead it reference to
a file which exists in the server’s file system. These reference files are
common for all the website/site collection within that SharePoint server, i.e.,
if user modify a reference file then that change will reflect in all the
websites/site collections within that SharePoint server automatically.
90. What is Un-ghosted page?
90. What is Un-ghosted page?
All the pages in a SharePoint website, which are stored in
the content database, are referred to as un-ghosted pages. All the un-ghosted
pages are specific to that SharePoint website only, i.e., changes done in an
un-ghosted page will not reflect in other websites within that SharePoint
server.
91. What are the types of pages available in SharePoint 2010?
There are two types of pages that are available in SharePoint, which are as follows:
1- Application page.
2- Site page.
92. What are application pages?
An application page is the best type of page to create, when there is need to add custom code. Application pages are stored on the file system of the front-end Web server in the %Program Files\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\web server extensions\14\TEMPLATE\LAYOUTS directory. They allow in-line code without restriction. They cannot use dynamic Web Parts or Web Part zones or be modified using SharePoint Designer. Application pages are not tracked in the content database. They never run in safe mode. Since application pages must be deployed inside the SharePoint Root directory hence, they cannot be used within sandboxed solutions.
93. When to use application pages?
1. These are generally used as administrative pages.
2. These pages can be used where we want to capture data.
3. These pages can be used for configuration pages.
4. These pages can be used where we want to restrict the users to customize the page.
5. Application pages can be used with any site or site collection or web application on same server.
6. These pages are used when we want to add custom code or inline code to the page.
94. List the folders and files added while creating an application page?
When developer creates an application page, Visual Studio adds the following folders to the project:
Folder
Description Layouts Maps to the _layouts virtual directory of the SharePoint file system.
Layouts subfolder
Contains the files that make up the application page. By default, this folder has the same name as project. This folder can be renamed at any time. At the time of running of the project, Visual Studio deploys this folder to the _layouts virtual directory of the SharePoint file system.
Visual Studio adds the following files to the project:
95. What is the difference between Site page and application page?
91. What are the types of pages available in SharePoint 2010?
There are two types of pages that are available in SharePoint, which are as follows:
1- Application page.
2- Site page.
92. What are application pages?
An application page is the best type of page to create, when there is need to add custom code. Application pages are stored on the file system of the front-end Web server in the %Program Files\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\web server extensions\14\TEMPLATE\LAYOUTS directory. They allow in-line code without restriction. They cannot use dynamic Web Parts or Web Part zones or be modified using SharePoint Designer. Application pages are not tracked in the content database. They never run in safe mode. Since application pages must be deployed inside the SharePoint Root directory hence, they cannot be used within sandboxed solutions.
93. When to use application pages?
1. These are generally used as administrative pages.
2. These pages can be used where we want to capture data.
3. These pages can be used for configuration pages.
4. These pages can be used where we want to restrict the users to customize the page.
5. Application pages can be used with any site or site collection or web application on same server.
6. These pages are used when we want to add custom code or inline code to the page.
94. List the folders and files added while creating an application page?
When developer creates an application page, Visual Studio adds the following folders to the project:
Folder
Description Layouts Maps to the _layouts virtual directory of the SharePoint file system.
Layouts subfolder
Contains the files that make up the application page. By default, this folder has the same name as project. This folder can be renamed at any time. At the time of running of the project, Visual Studio deploys this folder to the _layouts virtual directory of the SharePoint file system.
Visual Studio adds the following files to the project:
95. What is the difference between Site page and application page?
96. Can web parts
and web zones be added to an Application page?
No, since Application pages does not support edit mode so
web part zones and web parts cannot be added using SharePoint. However, static
web parts can be added by editing then in Visual Studio, as web parts are
nothing but controls with some extra functionality.
97. How to edit an
Application page?
An application page can only
be edited either by opening the page in Visual Studio or in Notepad. However,
in both the ways, the application page needs to be deployed again for further
usage.
98. What is difference between an Application page and a Custom aspx page in SharePoint 2010?
98. What is difference between an Application page and a Custom aspx page in SharePoint 2010?
Application Page – Developer would
typically use an application page when developer need some content that is
merged with SharePoint master page. A master page enables application pages to
share the same appearance and behavior as other pages on a site. Application
page generally is deployed in _layouts and inherits the look and feel of the
site that developer is using.
A Custom .net aspx page on the other hand would need content and master page tags in the page to make it inherit the look and feel of the site.
99. If a page with some code has to be deployed, which type of page should be selected?
Developer must select to deploy an application page with code as it is much easier and built-in templates are available in VS 2010.
File
Description ASP.NET page file (.aspx) Contains XML markup that defines the page.
Application page code file
Contains code behind the application page. Add code that handles events to this file. Application page designer code file Contains code that is generated by the designer. Do not directly edit this file.
S. No
Site Pages
Application Pages 1 Site pages are stored in the Content database of SharePoint. Application pages are stored in the server’s file system.
2
Site pages can be edited by using SharePoint Designer tool
SharePoint Designer tool cannot be used with application pages. 3 Site pages are used within Sandboxed solutions. Application pages cannot be used within sandboxed solutions.
4
A site page can be customized and modified by end user.
An Application page cannot be customized and modified by end user, instead a developer is required. 5 Site pages cannot contain inline code. Applications pages can contain inline code.
100. How to create a custom master page?
There are multiple ways to create custom master page files
1- By copying and editing existing master page.
2- By SharePoint Designer.
3- By editing minimal.master using editor.
101. How to apply a custom master page?
There are two ways to apply a custom master page
1. Custom Master Page can be deployed using SharePoint Feature by which master page gets uploaded to the master page gallery.
2. Custom master page can be uploaded directly in master page gallery library and apply the same master page using site and system master page option in Site Settings page by selecting Master Page option.
102. Can developer use the custom master page with the application pages in SharePoint 2010? With 2010, developer can now set whether the pages under _Layouts use the same Master Page as the rest of the site. Developer can enable or disable this functionality through the web application settings in Central Administration. This however, is not applicable to the custom application pages. If developer wants the custom application page to inherit the site master page, he must derive it from Microsoft.SharePoint.WebControls.LayoutsPageBase class.
103. How to link the custom CSS file in the master page?
A Custom .net aspx page on the other hand would need content and master page tags in the page to make it inherit the look and feel of the site.
99. If a page with some code has to be deployed, which type of page should be selected?
Developer must select to deploy an application page with code as it is much easier and built-in templates are available in VS 2010.
File
Description ASP.NET page file (.aspx) Contains XML markup that defines the page.
Application page code file
Contains code behind the application page. Add code that handles events to this file. Application page designer code file Contains code that is generated by the designer. Do not directly edit this file.
S. No
Site Pages
Application Pages 1 Site pages are stored in the Content database of SharePoint. Application pages are stored in the server’s file system.
2
Site pages can be edited by using SharePoint Designer tool
SharePoint Designer tool cannot be used with application pages. 3 Site pages are used within Sandboxed solutions. Application pages cannot be used within sandboxed solutions.
4
A site page can be customized and modified by end user.
An Application page cannot be customized and modified by end user, instead a developer is required. 5 Site pages cannot contain inline code. Applications pages can contain inline code.
100. How to create a custom master page?
There are multiple ways to create custom master page files
1- By copying and editing existing master page.
2- By SharePoint Designer.
3- By editing minimal.master using editor.
101. How to apply a custom master page?
There are two ways to apply a custom master page
1. Custom Master Page can be deployed using SharePoint Feature by which master page gets uploaded to the master page gallery.
2. Custom master page can be uploaded directly in master page gallery library and apply the same master page using site and system master page option in Site Settings page by selecting Master Page option.
102. Can developer use the custom master page with the application pages in SharePoint 2010? With 2010, developer can now set whether the pages under _Layouts use the same Master Page as the rest of the site. Developer can enable or disable this functionality through the web application settings in Central Administration. This however, is not applicable to the custom application pages. If developer wants the custom application page to inherit the site master page, he must derive it from Microsoft.SharePoint.WebControls.LayoutsPageBase class.
103. How to link the custom CSS file in the master page?
Custom CSS files can be linked to the master pages with the
help of a class called Sharepoint:CssRegistration.
104. What is the best method on working with CSS?
The best method to work with css is to create a new css file, store the file in any document library, and then provide the alternate CSS URL to the site by navigating to the master page option in the Look and Feel.
105. If a developer creates a new CSS file then where should the file be stored?
The css file can be stored in two locations, either in the document library or in the layouts folder.
106. How will user deploy a CSS file in SharePoint 2010?
The most preferable way to deploy files in SharePoint is by using the solution package. In SharePoint 2010, developer can create an empty project with VS 2010 and then add a new SharePoint Mapped folder in it. This will give the desired location in 14 hive where developer can then add a file to deploy.
107. If multiple css files are used in the same master page then how can a developer order the files to be applied to the master page?
The ordering of the css files can be done with the help of the CssRegistration class. Suppose if there are four css files to be linked namely 1.css, 2.css, 3.css and 4.css then the “after” attribute of the CssRegistration class can be used. Firstly, apply 1.css and use after attribute with value Corev4.css and then link 2.css file and use after attribute with value 1.css and so on.
108. How to create custom Themes?
Custom themes can be created for SharePoint by two ways.
1- Creating a theme in Microsoft PowerPoint.
2- Themes can also be created with the help of Visual Studio.
109. What does safe control means?
SharePoint application runs in Full Trust mode. For Web Parts to work properly in SharePoint Sites, its entry in web.config file assures Full Trust to SharePoint Site as it is registered in the file as safe.
110. What is Custom Control?
Custom controls have a file extension as “.ascx”, and are shared across web applications. There is no visual designer for creating custom controls hence, user cannot drag and drop custom controls.
111. What is User Control?
User controls are created using a designer’s tool, having file extension as “.ascx”. User controls cannot be shared across web applications.
112. How to use user control in SharePoint?
Suppose there is a user control MyControl.ascx. This file has to be deployed to the SharePoint server along with its binary. If developer is using a Smart Part, the ascx file must be copied to a folder called User Controls located in the root of the web sites folder (by default c:\inetpub\wwwroot\wss\VirtualDirectories\80. I recommend creating of own web part to host the user control that will work with any application. SharePoint itself puts all user controls in the TEMPLATES folder in the 14 hive (C:\Program Files\Common Files\Microsoft shared\Web Server Extensions\14).
113. What is a web part zone?
104. What is the best method on working with CSS?
The best method to work with css is to create a new css file, store the file in any document library, and then provide the alternate CSS URL to the site by navigating to the master page option in the Look and Feel.
105. If a developer creates a new CSS file then where should the file be stored?
The css file can be stored in two locations, either in the document library or in the layouts folder.
106. How will user deploy a CSS file in SharePoint 2010?
The most preferable way to deploy files in SharePoint is by using the solution package. In SharePoint 2010, developer can create an empty project with VS 2010 and then add a new SharePoint Mapped folder in it. This will give the desired location in 14 hive where developer can then add a file to deploy.
107. If multiple css files are used in the same master page then how can a developer order the files to be applied to the master page?
The ordering of the css files can be done with the help of the CssRegistration class. Suppose if there are four css files to be linked namely 1.css, 2.css, 3.css and 4.css then the “after” attribute of the CssRegistration class can be used. Firstly, apply 1.css and use after attribute with value Corev4.css and then link 2.css file and use after attribute with value 1.css and so on.
108. How to create custom Themes?
Custom themes can be created for SharePoint by two ways.
1- Creating a theme in Microsoft PowerPoint.
2- Themes can also be created with the help of Visual Studio.
109. What does safe control means?
SharePoint application runs in Full Trust mode. For Web Parts to work properly in SharePoint Sites, its entry in web.config file assures Full Trust to SharePoint Site as it is registered in the file as safe.
110. What is Custom Control?
Custom controls have a file extension as “.ascx”, and are shared across web applications. There is no visual designer for creating custom controls hence, user cannot drag and drop custom controls.
111. What is User Control?
User controls are created using a designer’s tool, having file extension as “.ascx”. User controls cannot be shared across web applications.
112. How to use user control in SharePoint?
Suppose there is a user control MyControl.ascx. This file has to be deployed to the SharePoint server along with its binary. If developer is using a Smart Part, the ascx file must be copied to a folder called User Controls located in the root of the web sites folder (by default c:\inetpub\wwwroot\wss\VirtualDirectories\80. I recommend creating of own web part to host the user control that will work with any application. SharePoint itself puts all user controls in the TEMPLATES folder in the 14 hive (C:\Program Files\Common Files\Microsoft shared\Web Server Extensions\14).
113. What is a web part zone?
Web part zones are the zones where the web part resides in
and helps categorizing the web parts while designing a page.
114. What is Content Editor Web part?
Content Editor Web part is a universal plug in adapter. It is used to connect SharePoint pages to the rest of the world. User can use content editor web part to add html/CSS/JavaScript, embed videos or widgets, formatted text, tables, hyperlinks, images, and display content from other SharePoint sites to a web part page.
115. How can a user add content to the content editor web part?
There are three ways to add content to the content editor web part.
1. Rich Text Editor: It allows user to add formatted text automatically without prior knowledge of HTML syntax.
2. Source Editor: The source editor is a plain text editor and it is intended for users who are familiar with HTML syntax. It allows user to add scripts, HTML and styles to a web part page.
3. Content link: It is used to link existing content by entering a hyperlink to a text file that contains HTML source code.
116. What is Content query web part?
Content query web part displays a dynamic set of items based on a query that user build by using a web browser. The query displays selected items. User can set presentation options to determine how these items are displayed on the finished page.
117. How to create a web part?
A web part can be created through visual studio
1. Using visual studio template for SharePoint web parts.
2. Add console application, add xml and aspx page, and then deploy.
118. How to debug a web part?
A web parts can be debugged in visual studio using following steps.
1. Set the break points
2. Attach the ASP.Net w3wp.exe process
3. Debug by tracing, change trace level in web.config
< Trace enabled ="true" pageOutput = "true"/>
119. How to deploy a web part?
We can deploy a web part using three methods
1. Using Feature
2. copy dll in bin(wss directory) or Assembly(window) and upload web part file in web part gallery and then populate
3. Using Windows PowerShell.
120. How to deploy a WebPart Using Windows PowerShell?
114. What is Content Editor Web part?
Content Editor Web part is a universal plug in adapter. It is used to connect SharePoint pages to the rest of the world. User can use content editor web part to add html/CSS/JavaScript, embed videos or widgets, formatted text, tables, hyperlinks, images, and display content from other SharePoint sites to a web part page.
115. How can a user add content to the content editor web part?
There are three ways to add content to the content editor web part.
1. Rich Text Editor: It allows user to add formatted text automatically without prior knowledge of HTML syntax.
2. Source Editor: The source editor is a plain text editor and it is intended for users who are familiar with HTML syntax. It allows user to add scripts, HTML and styles to a web part page.
3. Content link: It is used to link existing content by entering a hyperlink to a text file that contains HTML source code.
116. What is Content query web part?
Content query web part displays a dynamic set of items based on a query that user build by using a web browser. The query displays selected items. User can set presentation options to determine how these items are displayed on the finished page.
117. How to create a web part?
A web part can be created through visual studio
1. Using visual studio template for SharePoint web parts.
2. Add console application, add xml and aspx page, and then deploy.
118. How to debug a web part?
A web parts can be debugged in visual studio using following steps.
1. Set the break points
2. Attach the ASP.Net w3wp.exe process
3. Debug by tracing, change trace level in web.config
< Trace enabled ="true" pageOutput = "true"/>
119. How to deploy a web part?
We can deploy a web part using three methods
1. Using Feature
2. copy dll in bin(wss directory) or Assembly(window) and upload web part file in web part gallery and then populate
3. Using Windows PowerShell.
120. How to deploy a WebPart Using Windows PowerShell?
At the Windows PowerShell
command prompt (PS C:\>), type the below command : Install -SPWebPartPack
-LiteralPath “FullPathofCabFile” -Name “Name of WebPart”
121. Can a modal dialog be displayed from a webpart?
121. Can a modal dialog be displayed from a webpart?
Yes, a modal dialog can be
displayed from within a webpart code since it is a JavaScript block that can be
registered on the page.
122. While creating a Web part, which is the ideal location to initialize the web controls? Override the CreateChildControls() method to include web controls. Developer can control the exact rendering of the controls by calling the Render method.
123. How will developer use WebParts or other solutions created in SharePoint 2007 in SharePoint 2010?
In SharePoint 2010 the 12 hive is now replaced by 14 hive, so developer will rewrite and recompile any code that refers to files and resources in “12″ hive. In addition to developer must recompile custom code written for Windows SharePoint Services 3.0 and Office SharePoint Server 2007 that does not run on IIS.
124. What is SharePoint designer workflow?
One of the most powerful features of SharePoint designer is the ability for non-programmers to easily create business tailored workflow to improve business process management. SharePoint designer workflow is an easy, cheap, and somewhat limited entry point to workflow development. They are easy because most end users and administrators can become workflow developers without too much training.
125. Can Developer modify the Out-of-Box workflows in SharePoint 2010?
In SharePoint 2010, developer has an option to customize the Out-of-Box workflows. The four most popular workflows in SharePoint Server 2010 — the Approval, Collect Feedback, Collect Signatures, Publishing Approval workflows — have been completely rebuilt as declarative reusable workflows, meaning that they are now fully customizable in SharePoint Designer 2010.
126. When is workflow forms created? And how to customize it?
SharePoint Designer 2010 automatically generates the forms, but user can customize them by going to the settings page for the workflow, in the Forms section, click the form user want to customize. Workflow forms are either InfoPath or ASP.NET pages. They are stored on the SharePoint site with the workflow source files.
127. Where are the InfoPath forms published in SharePoint?
InfoPath forms are published in the Manage Form Template in Central Administration site or to a list or a form library in a site collection.
128. What is Features in SharePoint?
Feature is a functional component, which contains various SharePoint elements. Features have their own receiver architecture, which allow user to trap events such as when a feature is installed, uninstalled, activated, or deactivated. User can define several element types in features like menu command, template, page instance, event handler, workflow, list instance, list definition, and link commands. Features in SharePoint allow users to easily package up functionality that can be deployed and installed across the server farm. Features provide a mechanism by which user can package the
files that a solution needs, such as content types, Web Parts, lists, and site definitions, master page. Inside the Feature, the feature.xml file contains references to all the element manifests within that Feature, pluggable behavior for installing or uninstalling Features within a deployment, pluggable behavior for activating or deactivating Features at a given scope, scoped property bag for storing data required by a Feature within its scope.
129. What is the scope of feature activation?
Feature can be activated or deactivated at various scopes throughout a SharePoint instances, such as farm level, web application level, site collection level, web level, etc.
130. What is the difference between feature definition and feature instance?
The feature definition is the set of source files in the Visual Studio 2010 project that is deployed using a solution package. Once deployed, a feature definition is a set of template files and components that reside on each front-end Web server. A feature instance is what is created when a user activates the feature definition.
131. What are the minimum files required for a feature?
Every feature directory should contain at least one file namely feature.xml and should be placed in the root of the directory. But a feature directory can contain one or more xml files as well as resource files such as image files, css files or js files. A feature.xml file contains attributes like Id, Title, Description, Version, Scope, Hidden, and ImageURL.
132. What is hidden attribute in a feature?
Hidden attribute will take the value of True or False. If it is set to False, after installation the feature definition can be seen by administrators only.
133. What is Elements.xml file in Feature in SharePoint 2010?
Elements.xml file contains the actual feature element. It can contain elements like ListInstance, Field, ContentType, ListTemplate, Workflow, WorkflowActions etc.
134. What is Feature Receiver in SharePoint 2010, its base class along with the methods that needs to be override?
A Feature Receiver allows user to write event handlers in a managed programming language such as C# or Visual Basic. These event handlers are executed during feature specific events such as feature activation and feature deactivation. The base class is SPFeatureReceiver. The methods to be overridden are: FeatureActivating, FeatureActivated, FeatureDeactivating,FeatureDeactivated etc.
135. How are features created?
Feature can be created by creating a new Empty SharePoint project from VS 2010 and then add new item named feature. After user has created the project, right click on the "Features" node in "solution explorer" and "add feature". This will create a new feature with the title "Feature1". User can rename it or leave it as it is. On double clicking the name of the feature, the properties of the feature will appear, such as title, description and the scope. Right click on the "feature1" in solution explorer and click on "Add feature Receiver" to add it. After the file has been created, uncomment (as required) the "on activate" and/or “on deactivate" and put code in there.
136. How can a feature be deployed?
There are two ways for deploying a feature
1- WSP builder via Visual Studio and activate solution from central admin.
2- Using STS Command, firstly install and then activate.
137. Where the feature receiver file needs to be deployed?
The feature receiver file needs to be deployed in Global Assembly cache (GAC).
138. What is a Manifest.xml File in SharePoint 2010?
Manifest.xml file contains the Meta data of a solution package. At the time of deployment, SharePoint inspects manifest.xml file to determine which template files it needs to copy into the SharePoint root directory.
139. Can a page be displayed as a modal dialog?
Yes, any page can be displayed as modal dialog. A Modal dialog takes options as a parameter and developer can specify the URL for any page usually saved in _layouts.
140. What is New in SPALerts?
In SharePoint 2007, alerts were sent only through e-mails, but in SharePoint 2010, users can also send an alert to mobile devices as SMS Message. A New property DeliveryChannels is introduced to indicate, whether the alert is delivered as E-mail or as an SMS Message.
0.3 Advanced Questions
141. What is Claims based authentication?
Claims based authentication provides a new authentication model that supports any corporate identity system like active directory domain services, LDAP-based directories, application-specific databases, etc.
The purpose of claims-based authentication is to make authentication simple for all users. For example, user may want to setup a SharePoint site that is accessible by both internal and external users, such as clients. Internal users might use one mechanism such as Windows-based authentication and external users might want to use another method, such as forms-based authentication. No matter what authentication protocol was used, the SharePoint application gets a signed set of claims so it has the information it needs about the user.
142. What is Classic-mode authentication?
In the classic authentication mode, only mixed-mode authentication is available. In mixed-mode authentication, a single SharePoint web application has to be extended to additional IIS applications with different URLs and authentication providers. The same content is used for the different URLs, but the different authentication providers can change the access users have, and their permissions.
143. Which type of IP Addresses does SharePoint 2010 support?
SharePoint 2010 Products support the following environments:
· Pure IPv4 environment
· Mixed IPv4 and IPv6 environment
· Pure IPv6 environment
144. List the steps how SharePoint interacts with IIS?
Steps of SharePoint interaction with IIS are as follows:
1. User sends a request over the internet
2. The HTTP Protocol Stack (HTTP.sys) intercept the request and passes it to the Svchost.exe
3. Svchost.exe contains the Windows Activation Services (WAS) and the Worldwide Web Publishing Service (WWW Service)
4. WAS requests configuration information from the configuration store, applicationHost.config. This maps virtual directories to physical directories.
5. WWW Service receives configuration information, such as application pool and site configuration
6. WWW Service uses the configuration information to configure HTTP.sys
7. WAS starts a worker process for the application pool to which the request was made
8. Authentication is done and Request comes in for an ASP.NET Page.
9. The request is given to the SharePoint14Module.
10. The page handler is unable to find a precompiled version of the page class on disk, so it must grab the file and give it to the ASP.NET engine for parsing.
11. The SharePoint14Module contacts either the file system or the content database for the appropriate page class information.
12. The ASP.NET Page engine parses the file and generates a page class.
13. The page class is compiled into a .NET assembly and cached on the disk.
14. An instance of the requested page’s class is created.
15. The response is generated from the requested page class is sent back to the original caller.
145. What is the difference between 32-bit hardware and 64-bit hardware and software?
The terms 32-bit and 64-bit refer to the way a computer's processor (also called a CPU), handles information. The 64-bit version of Windows handles just double amounts of data from a 32-bit system.
146. What is a SharePoint Farm?
122. While creating a Web part, which is the ideal location to initialize the web controls? Override the CreateChildControls() method to include web controls. Developer can control the exact rendering of the controls by calling the Render method.
123. How will developer use WebParts or other solutions created in SharePoint 2007 in SharePoint 2010?
In SharePoint 2010 the 12 hive is now replaced by 14 hive, so developer will rewrite and recompile any code that refers to files and resources in “12″ hive. In addition to developer must recompile custom code written for Windows SharePoint Services 3.0 and Office SharePoint Server 2007 that does not run on IIS.
124. What is SharePoint designer workflow?
One of the most powerful features of SharePoint designer is the ability for non-programmers to easily create business tailored workflow to improve business process management. SharePoint designer workflow is an easy, cheap, and somewhat limited entry point to workflow development. They are easy because most end users and administrators can become workflow developers without too much training.
125. Can Developer modify the Out-of-Box workflows in SharePoint 2010?
In SharePoint 2010, developer has an option to customize the Out-of-Box workflows. The four most popular workflows in SharePoint Server 2010 — the Approval, Collect Feedback, Collect Signatures, Publishing Approval workflows — have been completely rebuilt as declarative reusable workflows, meaning that they are now fully customizable in SharePoint Designer 2010.
126. When is workflow forms created? And how to customize it?
SharePoint Designer 2010 automatically generates the forms, but user can customize them by going to the settings page for the workflow, in the Forms section, click the form user want to customize. Workflow forms are either InfoPath or ASP.NET pages. They are stored on the SharePoint site with the workflow source files.
127. Where are the InfoPath forms published in SharePoint?
InfoPath forms are published in the Manage Form Template in Central Administration site or to a list or a form library in a site collection.
128. What is Features in SharePoint?
Feature is a functional component, which contains various SharePoint elements. Features have their own receiver architecture, which allow user to trap events such as when a feature is installed, uninstalled, activated, or deactivated. User can define several element types in features like menu command, template, page instance, event handler, workflow, list instance, list definition, and link commands. Features in SharePoint allow users to easily package up functionality that can be deployed and installed across the server farm. Features provide a mechanism by which user can package the
files that a solution needs, such as content types, Web Parts, lists, and site definitions, master page. Inside the Feature, the feature.xml file contains references to all the element manifests within that Feature, pluggable behavior for installing or uninstalling Features within a deployment, pluggable behavior for activating or deactivating Features at a given scope, scoped property bag for storing data required by a Feature within its scope.
129. What is the scope of feature activation?
Feature can be activated or deactivated at various scopes throughout a SharePoint instances, such as farm level, web application level, site collection level, web level, etc.
130. What is the difference between feature definition and feature instance?
The feature definition is the set of source files in the Visual Studio 2010 project that is deployed using a solution package. Once deployed, a feature definition is a set of template files and components that reside on each front-end Web server. A feature instance is what is created when a user activates the feature definition.
131. What are the minimum files required for a feature?
Every feature directory should contain at least one file namely feature.xml and should be placed in the root of the directory. But a feature directory can contain one or more xml files as well as resource files such as image files, css files or js files. A feature.xml file contains attributes like Id, Title, Description, Version, Scope, Hidden, and ImageURL.
132. What is hidden attribute in a feature?
Hidden attribute will take the value of True or False. If it is set to False, after installation the feature definition can be seen by administrators only.
133. What is Elements.xml file in Feature in SharePoint 2010?
Elements.xml file contains the actual feature element. It can contain elements like ListInstance, Field, ContentType, ListTemplate, Workflow, WorkflowActions etc.
134. What is Feature Receiver in SharePoint 2010, its base class along with the methods that needs to be override?
A Feature Receiver allows user to write event handlers in a managed programming language such as C# or Visual Basic. These event handlers are executed during feature specific events such as feature activation and feature deactivation. The base class is SPFeatureReceiver. The methods to be overridden are: FeatureActivating, FeatureActivated, FeatureDeactivating,FeatureDeactivated etc.
135. How are features created?
Feature can be created by creating a new Empty SharePoint project from VS 2010 and then add new item named feature. After user has created the project, right click on the "Features" node in "solution explorer" and "add feature". This will create a new feature with the title "Feature1". User can rename it or leave it as it is. On double clicking the name of the feature, the properties of the feature will appear, such as title, description and the scope. Right click on the "feature1" in solution explorer and click on "Add feature Receiver" to add it. After the file has been created, uncomment (as required) the "on activate" and/or “on deactivate" and put code in there.
136. How can a feature be deployed?
There are two ways for deploying a feature
1- WSP builder via Visual Studio and activate solution from central admin.
2- Using STS Command, firstly install and then activate.
137. Where the feature receiver file needs to be deployed?
The feature receiver file needs to be deployed in Global Assembly cache (GAC).
138. What is a Manifest.xml File in SharePoint 2010?
Manifest.xml file contains the Meta data of a solution package. At the time of deployment, SharePoint inspects manifest.xml file to determine which template files it needs to copy into the SharePoint root directory.
139. Can a page be displayed as a modal dialog?
Yes, any page can be displayed as modal dialog. A Modal dialog takes options as a parameter and developer can specify the URL for any page usually saved in _layouts.
140. What is New in SPALerts?
In SharePoint 2007, alerts were sent only through e-mails, but in SharePoint 2010, users can also send an alert to mobile devices as SMS Message. A New property DeliveryChannels is introduced to indicate, whether the alert is delivered as E-mail or as an SMS Message.
0.3 Advanced Questions
141. What is Claims based authentication?
Claims based authentication provides a new authentication model that supports any corporate identity system like active directory domain services, LDAP-based directories, application-specific databases, etc.
The purpose of claims-based authentication is to make authentication simple for all users. For example, user may want to setup a SharePoint site that is accessible by both internal and external users, such as clients. Internal users might use one mechanism such as Windows-based authentication and external users might want to use another method, such as forms-based authentication. No matter what authentication protocol was used, the SharePoint application gets a signed set of claims so it has the information it needs about the user.
142. What is Classic-mode authentication?
In the classic authentication mode, only mixed-mode authentication is available. In mixed-mode authentication, a single SharePoint web application has to be extended to additional IIS applications with different URLs and authentication providers. The same content is used for the different URLs, but the different authentication providers can change the access users have, and their permissions.
143. Which type of IP Addresses does SharePoint 2010 support?
SharePoint 2010 Products support the following environments:
· Pure IPv4 environment
· Mixed IPv4 and IPv6 environment
· Pure IPv6 environment
144. List the steps how SharePoint interacts with IIS?
Steps of SharePoint interaction with IIS are as follows:
1. User sends a request over the internet
2. The HTTP Protocol Stack (HTTP.sys) intercept the request and passes it to the Svchost.exe
3. Svchost.exe contains the Windows Activation Services (WAS) and the Worldwide Web Publishing Service (WWW Service)
4. WAS requests configuration information from the configuration store, applicationHost.config. This maps virtual directories to physical directories.
5. WWW Service receives configuration information, such as application pool and site configuration
6. WWW Service uses the configuration information to configure HTTP.sys
7. WAS starts a worker process for the application pool to which the request was made
8. Authentication is done and Request comes in for an ASP.NET Page.
9. The request is given to the SharePoint14Module.
10. The page handler is unable to find a precompiled version of the page class on disk, so it must grab the file and give it to the ASP.NET engine for parsing.
11. The SharePoint14Module contacts either the file system or the content database for the appropriate page class information.
12. The ASP.NET Page engine parses the file and generates a page class.
13. The page class is compiled into a .NET assembly and cached on the disk.
14. An instance of the requested page’s class is created.
15. The response is generated from the requested page class is sent back to the original caller.
145. What is the difference between 32-bit hardware and 64-bit hardware and software?
The terms 32-bit and 64-bit refer to the way a computer's processor (also called a CPU), handles information. The 64-bit version of Windows handles just double amounts of data from a 32-bit system.
146. What is a SharePoint Farm?
A SharePoint farm is a set of one or more server computers
working together to provide SharePoint functionality to clients in terms of
executing SharePoint project or solution.
147. How to install or deploy SharePoint 2010?
SharePoint installation/deployment scenarios can be classified as:
1. Standalone Installation: Most of the small companies prefer standalone installation scenario. This scenario enables user to install, SharePoint and SQL database on one physical server.
2. Server Farm Installation: Most of the mid or large size, companies prefer farm installation scenario. The server farm installation can be performed as:
· Complete Installation: Add all the components with ability to add more as per need
· Standalone : Install all the components on single server[web server/application server/database server]
148. Explain Small, Medium and large server farm?
1. A small server farm typically consists of at least two Web servers and a database server. One of the Web servers hosts the Central Administration site and the other handles additional farm-related tasks, such as serving content to users. The small farm can be scaled out to three tiers using a dedicated application server in response to the number of users, the number of content items, and the number of services that are required.
2. A medium server farm typically consists of two or more Web servers, two application servers, and more than one database servers. It is recommended that user should start with the preceding configuration and then scale out to accommodate the workload placed on the servers.
3. A large server farm can be the logical result of scaling out a medium farm to meet capacity and performance requirements or by design before a SharePoint Server solution is implemented. A three-tier topology environment typically uses dedicated servers on all the tiers. Additionally, these servers are often grouped according to their role in the farm. For example, all client-related services can be grouped onto one or two servers and then scaled out by adding servers to this group as needed in response to user demand for these services.
149. What are the minimum Hardware requirements to install SharePoint 2010?
To install SharePoint below mentioned is the minimum recommended hardware configuration.
Component
Minimum requirement
Processor
· 64-bit, four cores for small deployments
· 64-bit, eight cores for medium deployments
RAM
· 8 GB for small deployments
· 16 GB for medium deployments
Hard disk
· 80 GB for system drive
· Hard disk space is dependent on the size of user SharePoint content.
150. What are the minimum Software requirements to install SharePoint 2010?
The requirements in the following tables apply to single server with built-in database installations and server farm installations that include a single server and multiple servers in the farm.
Database requirements
Environment
Minimum Requirement
Database server in a farm
One of the following:
· The 64-bit edition of Microsoft SQL Server 2008 R2.
· The 64-bit edition of Microsoft SQL Server 2008 with Service Pack 1 (SP1) and Cumulative Update 2.
· The 64-bit edition of Microsoft SQL Server 2005 with Service Pack 3 (SP3).
Single server with built-in database
· The 64-bit edition of Windows Server 2008 Standard, Enterprise, Data Center, or Web Server with SP2, or the 64-bit edition of Windows Server 2008 R2 Standard, Enterprise, Data Center, or Web Server.
Front-end requirements
Environment
Minimum Requirement
Front-end Web servers and application servers in a farm
· The 64-bit edition of Windows Server 2008 Standard, Enterprise, Data Center, or Web Server with SP2, or the 64-bit edition of Windows Server 2008 R2 Standard, Enterprise, Data Center, or Web Server.
Client computer
· A supported browser
151. What does the preparation tool installs before installing SharePoint 2010?
The preparation tool installs the following prerequisites:
· Web Server (IIS) role
· Application Server role
· Microsoft .NET Framework version 3.5 SP1
· SQL Server 2008 Express with SP1
· Microsoft Sync Framework Runtime v1.0 (x64)
· Microsoft Filter Pack 2.0
· Microsoft Chart Controls for the Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5
· Windows PowerShell 2.0
· SQL Server 2008 Native Client
· Microsoft SQL Server 2008 Analysis Services ADOMD.NET
· ADO.NET Data Services Update for .NET Framework 3.5 SP1
· A hotfix for the .NET Framework 3.5 SP1
· Windows Identity Foundation (WIF)
152. What is the directory structure created during SharePoint installation?
The directory created while installing SharePoint 2010 is
C:\Program Files\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\web server extension\14
1. ADMISAPI
2. BIN
3. CONFIG
4. HCCab
5. Help
6. ISAPI
7. LOGS
8. Policy
9. Resources
10. TEMPLATE – Sub Directories (1033, Admin, FEATURES, LAYOUTS, IMAGES, PAGES, Themes, SQL, XML, ControlTemplates, Document templates, IDENTITYMODEL, Site Template, GLOBAL).
11. UserCode
12. WebClients
13. WebServices
153. What has Changed in SharePoint 2010 Object model?
147. How to install or deploy SharePoint 2010?
SharePoint installation/deployment scenarios can be classified as:
1. Standalone Installation: Most of the small companies prefer standalone installation scenario. This scenario enables user to install, SharePoint and SQL database on one physical server.
2. Server Farm Installation: Most of the mid or large size, companies prefer farm installation scenario. The server farm installation can be performed as:
· Complete Installation: Add all the components with ability to add more as per need
· Standalone : Install all the components on single server[web server/application server/database server]
148. Explain Small, Medium and large server farm?
1. A small server farm typically consists of at least two Web servers and a database server. One of the Web servers hosts the Central Administration site and the other handles additional farm-related tasks, such as serving content to users. The small farm can be scaled out to three tiers using a dedicated application server in response to the number of users, the number of content items, and the number of services that are required.
2. A medium server farm typically consists of two or more Web servers, two application servers, and more than one database servers. It is recommended that user should start with the preceding configuration and then scale out to accommodate the workload placed on the servers.
3. A large server farm can be the logical result of scaling out a medium farm to meet capacity and performance requirements or by design before a SharePoint Server solution is implemented. A three-tier topology environment typically uses dedicated servers on all the tiers. Additionally, these servers are often grouped according to their role in the farm. For example, all client-related services can be grouped onto one or two servers and then scaled out by adding servers to this group as needed in response to user demand for these services.
149. What are the minimum Hardware requirements to install SharePoint 2010?
To install SharePoint below mentioned is the minimum recommended hardware configuration.
Component
Minimum requirement
Processor
· 64-bit, four cores for small deployments
· 64-bit, eight cores for medium deployments
RAM
· 8 GB for small deployments
· 16 GB for medium deployments
Hard disk
· 80 GB for system drive
· Hard disk space is dependent on the size of user SharePoint content.
150. What are the minimum Software requirements to install SharePoint 2010?
The requirements in the following tables apply to single server with built-in database installations and server farm installations that include a single server and multiple servers in the farm.
Database requirements
Environment
Minimum Requirement
Database server in a farm
One of the following:
· The 64-bit edition of Microsoft SQL Server 2008 R2.
· The 64-bit edition of Microsoft SQL Server 2008 with Service Pack 1 (SP1) and Cumulative Update 2.
· The 64-bit edition of Microsoft SQL Server 2005 with Service Pack 3 (SP3).
Single server with built-in database
· The 64-bit edition of Windows Server 2008 Standard, Enterprise, Data Center, or Web Server with SP2, or the 64-bit edition of Windows Server 2008 R2 Standard, Enterprise, Data Center, or Web Server.
Front-end requirements
Environment
Minimum Requirement
Front-end Web servers and application servers in a farm
· The 64-bit edition of Windows Server 2008 Standard, Enterprise, Data Center, or Web Server with SP2, or the 64-bit edition of Windows Server 2008 R2 Standard, Enterprise, Data Center, or Web Server.
Client computer
· A supported browser
151. What does the preparation tool installs before installing SharePoint 2010?
The preparation tool installs the following prerequisites:
· Web Server (IIS) role
· Application Server role
· Microsoft .NET Framework version 3.5 SP1
· SQL Server 2008 Express with SP1
· Microsoft Sync Framework Runtime v1.0 (x64)
· Microsoft Filter Pack 2.0
· Microsoft Chart Controls for the Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5
· Windows PowerShell 2.0
· SQL Server 2008 Native Client
· Microsoft SQL Server 2008 Analysis Services ADOMD.NET
· ADO.NET Data Services Update for .NET Framework 3.5 SP1
· A hotfix for the .NET Framework 3.5 SP1
· Windows Identity Foundation (WIF)
152. What is the directory structure created during SharePoint installation?
The directory created while installing SharePoint 2010 is
C:\Program Files\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\web server extension\14
1. ADMISAPI
2. BIN
3. CONFIG
4. HCCab
5. Help
6. ISAPI
7. LOGS
8. Policy
9. Resources
10. TEMPLATE – Sub Directories (1033, Admin, FEATURES, LAYOUTS, IMAGES, PAGES, Themes, SQL, XML, ControlTemplates, Document templates, IDENTITYMODEL, Site Template, GLOBAL).
11. UserCode
12. WebClients
13. WebServices
153. What has Changed in SharePoint 2010 Object model?
Microsoft has replaced the “12 hive” structure that we had
in SharePoint 2007 with “14 Hive” structure in 2010. It has apparently added
four new folders to its hive. The Folders are: 1. Policy 2. UserCode 3.
WebClients 4. WebServices
154. List all the databases created at the time of installing SharePoint?
1. Secure Store database - The Secure Store service application database stores and maps credentials, such as account names and passwords. Prefixed with "Secure_Store_Service_DB_".
2. State database - The State service application database stores temporary state information for InfoPath Forms Services, the chart Web Part, and Visio Services. Prefixed with "StateService".
3. Web Analytics Staging database - The Staging database temporarily stores un-aggregated fact data, asset metadata, and queued batch data for the Web Analytics service application. Prefixed with "WebAnalyticsServiceApplication_StagingDB_"
4. Web Analytics Reporting database - The Reporting database stores aggregated standard report tables, fact data aggregated by groups of sites, date and asset metadata, and diagnostics information for the Web Analytics service application. Prefixed with "WebAnalyticsServiceApplication_ReportingDB_"
5. Search service application Administration database - The Administration database hosts the Search service application configuration and access control list (ACL), and best bets for the crawl component. This database is accessed for every user and administrative action. Prefixed with "Search_Service_Application_DB_".
6. Search service application Crawl database - The Crawl database stores the state of the crawled data and the crawl history. Prefixed with "Search_Service_Application_CrawlStoreDB_'.
7. Search service application Property database - The Property database stores information that is associated with the crawled data, including properties, history, and crawl queues. Prefixed with "Search_Service_Application_PropertyStoreDB_"
8. User Profile service application Profile database - The Profile database stores and manages users and associated information. It also stores information about a user's social network in addition to memberships in distribution lists and sites. Prefixed with "User Profile Service Application_ProfileDB_".
9. User Profile service application Synchronization database -The Synchronization database stores configuration and staging data for use when profile data is being synchronized with directory services such as Active Directory Prefixed with "User Profile Service Application_SyncDB_".
10. User Profile service application Social Tagging database - The Social Tagging database stores social tags and notes created by users, along with their respective URLs. Prefixed with "User Profile Service Application_SocialDB_".
11. Managed Metadata database - The Managed Metadata service application database stores managed metadata and syndicated content types. Prefixed with " Managed Metadata Service_".
Enterprise edition installation adds two more databases:
1. Performance Point service application database - The Performance Point service application database stores temporary objects, persisted filter values, and user comments. Name Prefix "PerformancePointServiceApplication_.”
2. Word Automation Services database - The Word Automation Services database stores information about pending and completed document conversions.Name Prefix "WordAutomationServices_..."
155. What are the various functions performed by Central Administration?
Central administration is a graphical interface utility to perform various functions related to SharePoint. These functions are classified as:
1. Application Management: Application Management enables user to create site collection, manage web application, service application and content database.
2. System Setting: System setting enables user to manage server, services and farm features. It also enables to configure alternate access mapping.
3. Monitoring: Monitoring enables user to review problems and solutions, web analytics report and check Job status.
4. Backup and restore: Backup and Restore enables user to perform backup, Restore from a backup and a site collection backup.
5. Security: Security enables user to manage the farm administrators group and Configure service accounts.
6. Upgrade and Migration: Upgrade and Migration enables user to convert farm license type, Check product and patch installation status And Check upgrade status
7. General Application Settings: General Application Settings enables users to Configure send to connections, Configure content deployment paths and jobs Manage form templates
8. Configuration Wizard: Configuration provides various wizards to perform configuration tasks.
156. What are the various kinds of lists available in SharePoint 2010?
1. Predefined lists: SharePoint provides a set of built-in list templates that can be used directly and customize them as needed. For example:
· Announcement list
· Calendar
· Tasks list
· Events list
· Links list
· Contacts list
· Discussion board
· Survey
· Issue tracking
· Project Tasks
· Status List
2. Custom lists: In addition to list templates, user can create a customized list to suit specific needs. This is done through by custom list. The custom list is actually just another list template like those just mentioned above, but its formatting is less complex.
157. What are the security improvements in SharePoint 2010?
In SharePoint 2010 a variety of security methods have been introduced.
1. Claims-Based Authentication - Claims based authentication is based on identity and trust.
2. Code Access Security - in which user can specify their own code access security (CAS) policy for the web parts.
3. Sandbox Solutions - Sandbox Solutions which when deployed to the server, SharePoint runs in a special process that has limited permissions.
4. Cross-Site Scripting - Introduced to prevent Cross - Site Scripting (XSS) attacks
158. What is Web solution package (WSP)?
Web solution package is a cabinet file that contains, site and features definition, web part file, templates, assemblies, and code access security policies. It contains a web manifest that defines the list of features, site definitions, resource files, web part files, and assemblies to process when the solution is deployed. The directory structure within the cabinet file dictates the resulting structure on the web front-end computer. WSP creates a file with extension “.WSP”.
159. What Changes are made in SharePoint 2010 to enforce Referential Integrity?
154. List all the databases created at the time of installing SharePoint?
1. Secure Store database - The Secure Store service application database stores and maps credentials, such as account names and passwords. Prefixed with "Secure_Store_Service_DB_".
2. State database - The State service application database stores temporary state information for InfoPath Forms Services, the chart Web Part, and Visio Services. Prefixed with "StateService".
3. Web Analytics Staging database - The Staging database temporarily stores un-aggregated fact data, asset metadata, and queued batch data for the Web Analytics service application. Prefixed with "WebAnalyticsServiceApplication_StagingDB_"
4. Web Analytics Reporting database - The Reporting database stores aggregated standard report tables, fact data aggregated by groups of sites, date and asset metadata, and diagnostics information for the Web Analytics service application. Prefixed with "WebAnalyticsServiceApplication_ReportingDB_"
5. Search service application Administration database - The Administration database hosts the Search service application configuration and access control list (ACL), and best bets for the crawl component. This database is accessed for every user and administrative action. Prefixed with "Search_Service_Application_DB_".
6. Search service application Crawl database - The Crawl database stores the state of the crawled data and the crawl history. Prefixed with "Search_Service_Application_CrawlStoreDB_'.
7. Search service application Property database - The Property database stores information that is associated with the crawled data, including properties, history, and crawl queues. Prefixed with "Search_Service_Application_PropertyStoreDB_"
8. User Profile service application Profile database - The Profile database stores and manages users and associated information. It also stores information about a user's social network in addition to memberships in distribution lists and sites. Prefixed with "User Profile Service Application_ProfileDB_".
9. User Profile service application Synchronization database -The Synchronization database stores configuration and staging data for use when profile data is being synchronized with directory services such as Active Directory Prefixed with "User Profile Service Application_SyncDB_".
10. User Profile service application Social Tagging database - The Social Tagging database stores social tags and notes created by users, along with their respective URLs. Prefixed with "User Profile Service Application_SocialDB_".
11. Managed Metadata database - The Managed Metadata service application database stores managed metadata and syndicated content types. Prefixed with " Managed Metadata Service_".
Enterprise edition installation adds two more databases:
1. Performance Point service application database - The Performance Point service application database stores temporary objects, persisted filter values, and user comments. Name Prefix "PerformancePointServiceApplication_.”
2. Word Automation Services database - The Word Automation Services database stores information about pending and completed document conversions.Name Prefix "WordAutomationServices_..."
155. What are the various functions performed by Central Administration?
Central administration is a graphical interface utility to perform various functions related to SharePoint. These functions are classified as:
1. Application Management: Application Management enables user to create site collection, manage web application, service application and content database.
2. System Setting: System setting enables user to manage server, services and farm features. It also enables to configure alternate access mapping.
3. Monitoring: Monitoring enables user to review problems and solutions, web analytics report and check Job status.
4. Backup and restore: Backup and Restore enables user to perform backup, Restore from a backup and a site collection backup.
5. Security: Security enables user to manage the farm administrators group and Configure service accounts.
6. Upgrade and Migration: Upgrade and Migration enables user to convert farm license type, Check product and patch installation status And Check upgrade status
7. General Application Settings: General Application Settings enables users to Configure send to connections, Configure content deployment paths and jobs Manage form templates
8. Configuration Wizard: Configuration provides various wizards to perform configuration tasks.
156. What are the various kinds of lists available in SharePoint 2010?
1. Predefined lists: SharePoint provides a set of built-in list templates that can be used directly and customize them as needed. For example:
· Announcement list
· Calendar
· Tasks list
· Events list
· Links list
· Contacts list
· Discussion board
· Survey
· Issue tracking
· Project Tasks
· Status List
2. Custom lists: In addition to list templates, user can create a customized list to suit specific needs. This is done through by custom list. The custom list is actually just another list template like those just mentioned above, but its formatting is less complex.
157. What are the security improvements in SharePoint 2010?
In SharePoint 2010 a variety of security methods have been introduced.
1. Claims-Based Authentication - Claims based authentication is based on identity and trust.
2. Code Access Security - in which user can specify their own code access security (CAS) policy for the web parts.
3. Sandbox Solutions - Sandbox Solutions which when deployed to the server, SharePoint runs in a special process that has limited permissions.
4. Cross-Site Scripting - Introduced to prevent Cross - Site Scripting (XSS) attacks
158. What is Web solution package (WSP)?
Web solution package is a cabinet file that contains, site and features definition, web part file, templates, assemblies, and code access security policies. It contains a web manifest that defines the list of features, site definitions, resource files, web part files, and assemblies to process when the solution is deployed. The directory structure within the cabinet file dictates the resulting structure on the web front-end computer. WSP creates a file with extension “.WSP”.
159. What Changes are made in SharePoint 2010 to enforce Referential Integrity?
In SharePoint 2010, Referential Integrity
is enforced by using two options available with Look-up columns. While creating
a Look-up column, user has two options: 1. Restrict Delete 2. Cascade Delete
these options define a relationship between the Look-up list and the list
containing the look-up Column.
160. List all the web parts available is SharePoint Server 2010 and Foundation 2010?
Category
List of web part Lists & Libraries List view web part
Authoring
Content Editor - Foundation · Image Viewer – Foundation · Media Web Part · Page Viewer - Foundation · Silverlight Web Part - Foundation Business data Business Data Actions ,· Business Data Catalog Filter ,· Business Data Item ,· Business Data Item Builder · Business Data List ,· Business Data Related List ,· Key Performance Indicators ·,KPI Details ·,Visio Graph Service
Content roll up
Chart Viewer , Content Query , HTML Form Web Part - Foundation , iView , Picture Library Slideshow Web Part - Foundation , RSS Viewer, What’s Popular – pick from content, search queries, or search results; XML Viewer – Foundation document Document ID Lookup , Document Set Contents , Document Set Properties , Relevant Documents - Foundation
filters
Choice Filter ,· Current User Filter ,· Date Filter · Filter Actions · Page Field Filter · Query String (URL) Filter · SharePoint List Filter · SQL Server Analysis Services Filter · Text Filter My information · My Calendar · My Contacts · My Inbox · My Mail Folder · My Tasks
Office Client
Excel Web Access ,· InfoPath Form Web Part.WSRP Viewer Navigation Categories · Site Aggregator · Sites in Category · Summary Links · Table of Contents · Tag Cloud
People
Contact Details · Profile Browser · Site Users - Foundation · User Tasks - Foundation Performance Point Performance Point Filter · Performance Point Report · Performance Point Scorecard · Performance Point Stack Selector
Search
Advanced Search Box · Dual Chinese Search · Featured Content · Federated Results · People Refinement Panel · People Search Box · People Search Core Results · Refinement Panel · Related Queries · Search Action Links · Search Best Bets · Search Box · Search Core Results · Search Paging· Search Statistics· Search Summary · Top Federated Results Miscellaneous Chart Web part
161. List the various ways to create a workflow?
There are three ways by which a workflow can be created:
1- Visual Studio.
2- Microsoft Visio.
3- SharePoint Designer.
162. What are the various types of workflow in SharePoint?
These are of two types namely:
1. Declarative Workflow: is a workflow that is built from conditions and actions that are assembled into rules and steps, and that sets the parameters for the workflow without writing any code.
2. Compiled Workflow: is a workflow that can be built from conditions and actions, in addition it allows custom code to be written inside them unlike Declarative workflows.
163. What is different with SharePoint 2010 workflows?
Some of the additions in workflow model are:
1. SharePoint 2010 workflows are build upon the workflow engine provide .Net Framework 3.5.
2. In addition to the SharePoint lists, workflows can also be created for SharePoint sites.
3. SharePoint Designer 2010 also has a new graphical workflow designer for designing workflows and deploying them directly to SharePoint.
4. Another Improvement in SharePoint Designer 2010 is that it now allows editing the out-of-the-box workflows that comes with SharePoint.
164. What are Reusable List Workflows and Site workflows?
1. Reusable List Workflows - User can create a reusable list workflow (reusable workflow) in the top-level site in the site collection, and that workflow can be made globally reusable — meaning that the workflow can be associated to any list, library, or content type in the site collection. User can also create a reusable workflow in any subsite in the site collection; this workflow is available for reuse in that particular subsite.
2. Site workflows - A site workflow is associated to a site — not to a list, library, or content type. Therefore, unlike most workflows, a site workflow is not running on a specific list item. Because of this, many of the actions that is available for items not available for site workflows.
165. How can a workflow be debugged?
1. visual studio debugging add w3wp.exe process
2. Visio workflow cannot be debugged.
3. SharePoint Designer offers no custom debugging functionality; user can write information at various stages to history and view the content to debug.
166. What are the various types of in-built workflows in SharePoint 2010?
Microsoft SharePoint Server 2010 includes the following predefined workflow templates that address common business scenarios:
1. Collect Feedback: This Workflow routes a document or item to a group of people for feedback. Reviewers can provide feedback, which is then compiled and sent to the person who initiated the workflow. By default, the Collect Feedback workflow is associated with the Document content type, and therefore it is automatically available in document libraries.
2. Approval: This Workflow routes a document or item to a group of people for approval. By default, the Approval workflow is associated with the Document content type, and therefore it is automatically available in document libraries. A version of the Approval workflow is also associated by default with the Pages library on a publishing site, and can be used to manage the approval process for the publication of Web pages. The Approval workflow is a staged approval model (that is, the first set of approvers can undergo the review and approval process, then the next set of approvers, and so on). Each stage or approval set can also have its own behavior. For example, members of the first group of approvers can do their review in serial approval order (one after the other), members of the second group can do their review in parallel, and so on.
3. Disposition Approval: This Workflow manages document expiration and retention by letting participants to decide whether to keep or delete expired documents. The Disposition Approval workflow supports record management processes and is intended for use primarily in a Records Center site.
4. Collect Signatures: This Workflow routes a document that was created in a Microsoft application to a group of people to collect their digital signatures. By default, the Collect Signatures workflow
is associated with the Document content type, and therefore is automatically available in document libraries. However, the Collect Signatures workflow appears for a document in the document library only if that document contains one or more Microsoft Office Signature Lines.
5. Three-state: This Workflow is designed to track the status of a list item through three states (phases). It can be used to manage business processes that require organizations to track a high volume of issues or items, such as customer support issues, sales leads, or project tasks. The Three-state workflow is so named because it tracks the status of an issue or item through three different states, and through two transitions between the states. For example, when a workflow is initiated on an issue in an Issues list, SharePoint Server 2010 creates a task for the assigned user. When the user completes the task, the workflow changes from its initial state (Active) to its middle state (Resolved) and creates a task for the assigned user. When the user completes the task, the workflow changes from its middle state (Resolved) to its final state (Closed), and creates another task for the user to whom the workflow is assigned at that time. This workflow is only supported on lists, not libraries.
6. Translation Management: This Workflow manages manual document translation by creating copies of the document to be translated and by assigning translation tasks to translators. This workflow is available only for Translation Management libraries.
7. Issue Tracking: This Workflow routes an issue to team members for resolution. It presents a Web page to the user who makes possible the entry of new issues. For example, customer complaints. As an issue progresses though different workflow states, the Web page of the user changes to reflect appropriate events. For example, a Web page that was closed when an issue is resolved.
167. What are the Types of forms associated with the workflow?
160. List all the web parts available is SharePoint Server 2010 and Foundation 2010?
Category
List of web part Lists & Libraries List view web part
Authoring
Content Editor - Foundation · Image Viewer – Foundation · Media Web Part · Page Viewer - Foundation · Silverlight Web Part - Foundation Business data Business Data Actions ,· Business Data Catalog Filter ,· Business Data Item ,· Business Data Item Builder · Business Data List ,· Business Data Related List ,· Key Performance Indicators ·,KPI Details ·,Visio Graph Service
Content roll up
Chart Viewer , Content Query , HTML Form Web Part - Foundation , iView , Picture Library Slideshow Web Part - Foundation , RSS Viewer, What’s Popular – pick from content, search queries, or search results; XML Viewer – Foundation document Document ID Lookup , Document Set Contents , Document Set Properties , Relevant Documents - Foundation
filters
Choice Filter ,· Current User Filter ,· Date Filter · Filter Actions · Page Field Filter · Query String (URL) Filter · SharePoint List Filter · SQL Server Analysis Services Filter · Text Filter My information · My Calendar · My Contacts · My Inbox · My Mail Folder · My Tasks
Office Client
Excel Web Access ,· InfoPath Form Web Part.WSRP Viewer Navigation Categories · Site Aggregator · Sites in Category · Summary Links · Table of Contents · Tag Cloud
People
Contact Details · Profile Browser · Site Users - Foundation · User Tasks - Foundation Performance Point Performance Point Filter · Performance Point Report · Performance Point Scorecard · Performance Point Stack Selector
Search
Advanced Search Box · Dual Chinese Search · Featured Content · Federated Results · People Refinement Panel · People Search Box · People Search Core Results · Refinement Panel · Related Queries · Search Action Links · Search Best Bets · Search Box · Search Core Results · Search Paging· Search Statistics· Search Summary · Top Federated Results Miscellaneous Chart Web part
161. List the various ways to create a workflow?
There are three ways by which a workflow can be created:
1- Visual Studio.
2- Microsoft Visio.
3- SharePoint Designer.
162. What are the various types of workflow in SharePoint?
These are of two types namely:
1. Declarative Workflow: is a workflow that is built from conditions and actions that are assembled into rules and steps, and that sets the parameters for the workflow without writing any code.
2. Compiled Workflow: is a workflow that can be built from conditions and actions, in addition it allows custom code to be written inside them unlike Declarative workflows.
163. What is different with SharePoint 2010 workflows?
Some of the additions in workflow model are:
1. SharePoint 2010 workflows are build upon the workflow engine provide .Net Framework 3.5.
2. In addition to the SharePoint lists, workflows can also be created for SharePoint sites.
3. SharePoint Designer 2010 also has a new graphical workflow designer for designing workflows and deploying them directly to SharePoint.
4. Another Improvement in SharePoint Designer 2010 is that it now allows editing the out-of-the-box workflows that comes with SharePoint.
164. What are Reusable List Workflows and Site workflows?
1. Reusable List Workflows - User can create a reusable list workflow (reusable workflow) in the top-level site in the site collection, and that workflow can be made globally reusable — meaning that the workflow can be associated to any list, library, or content type in the site collection. User can also create a reusable workflow in any subsite in the site collection; this workflow is available for reuse in that particular subsite.
2. Site workflows - A site workflow is associated to a site — not to a list, library, or content type. Therefore, unlike most workflows, a site workflow is not running on a specific list item. Because of this, many of the actions that is available for items not available for site workflows.
165. How can a workflow be debugged?
1. visual studio debugging add w3wp.exe process
2. Visio workflow cannot be debugged.
3. SharePoint Designer offers no custom debugging functionality; user can write information at various stages to history and view the content to debug.
166. What are the various types of in-built workflows in SharePoint 2010?
Microsoft SharePoint Server 2010 includes the following predefined workflow templates that address common business scenarios:
1. Collect Feedback: This Workflow routes a document or item to a group of people for feedback. Reviewers can provide feedback, which is then compiled and sent to the person who initiated the workflow. By default, the Collect Feedback workflow is associated with the Document content type, and therefore it is automatically available in document libraries.
2. Approval: This Workflow routes a document or item to a group of people for approval. By default, the Approval workflow is associated with the Document content type, and therefore it is automatically available in document libraries. A version of the Approval workflow is also associated by default with the Pages library on a publishing site, and can be used to manage the approval process for the publication of Web pages. The Approval workflow is a staged approval model (that is, the first set of approvers can undergo the review and approval process, then the next set of approvers, and so on). Each stage or approval set can also have its own behavior. For example, members of the first group of approvers can do their review in serial approval order (one after the other), members of the second group can do their review in parallel, and so on.
3. Disposition Approval: This Workflow manages document expiration and retention by letting participants to decide whether to keep or delete expired documents. The Disposition Approval workflow supports record management processes and is intended for use primarily in a Records Center site.
4. Collect Signatures: This Workflow routes a document that was created in a Microsoft application to a group of people to collect their digital signatures. By default, the Collect Signatures workflow
is associated with the Document content type, and therefore is automatically available in document libraries. However, the Collect Signatures workflow appears for a document in the document library only if that document contains one or more Microsoft Office Signature Lines.
5. Three-state: This Workflow is designed to track the status of a list item through three states (phases). It can be used to manage business processes that require organizations to track a high volume of issues or items, such as customer support issues, sales leads, or project tasks. The Three-state workflow is so named because it tracks the status of an issue or item through three different states, and through two transitions between the states. For example, when a workflow is initiated on an issue in an Issues list, SharePoint Server 2010 creates a task for the assigned user. When the user completes the task, the workflow changes from its initial state (Active) to its middle state (Resolved) and creates a task for the assigned user. When the user completes the task, the workflow changes from its middle state (Resolved) to its final state (Closed), and creates another task for the user to whom the workflow is assigned at that time. This workflow is only supported on lists, not libraries.
6. Translation Management: This Workflow manages manual document translation by creating copies of the document to be translated and by assigning translation tasks to translators. This workflow is available only for Translation Management libraries.
7. Issue Tracking: This Workflow routes an issue to team members for resolution. It presents a Web page to the user who makes possible the entry of new issues. For example, customer complaints. As an issue progresses though different workflow states, the Web page of the user changes to reflect appropriate events. For example, a Web page that was closed when an issue is resolved.
167. What are the Types of forms associated with the workflow?
With SharePoint Designer 2010,
user can create three types of workflow forms:
1. Initiation form – An initiation form gathers information from the workflow
participant when they start the workflow. It is automatically generated when
user create the workflow in SharePoint Designer 2010. Initiation forms are
displayed to users when they manually start a workflow on a given SharePoint
item. With an initiation form, users can specify additional parameters or
information about the workflow as it applies to the given SharePoint item.
2. Task form – A custom task form allows workflow participants to interact
with tasks in the Tasks list specified for the workflow. With the Custom Task
Wizard, user can easily create custom form fields and add them to a custom task
form. When user finish designing the workflow, SharePoint Designer 2010 automatically
generates the InfoPath or ASP.NET forms for custom tasks. 3. Reusable workflow
– association form – A reusable workflow, by default, only provides the fields
common to all items, such as Created and Modified by. This is because a
reusable workflow is not by default associated with a list, library, or content
type. An association form enables user to associate fields with a reusable
workflow so that the fields will be available when user design and run the
workflow.
168. What is the difference between method activity and event activity in Workflow?
A method activity is one that performs an action, such as creating or updating a task. An event activity is one that runs in response to an action occurring.
169. What is Governance model?
Governance is the set of policies, roles, responsibilities, and processes that guides, directs, and controls how an organization's business division and IT team works together to achieve business goals. A comprehensive governance plan can benefit the organization by:
· Streamlining the deployment of products and technologies, such as SharePoint Server 2010.
· Protecting the enterprise from security threats or noncompliance liability.
· Ensuring the best return on the investment in technologies.
170. What is Active Directory?
Active Directory is a database that keeps track of all the user accounts and passwords in organization. It allows user to store user accounts and passwords in one protected location, improving organization's security. Active Directory is subdivided into one or more domains. A domain is a security boundary. A server computer called a domain controller (DC) hosts each domain. A domain controller manages all of the user accounts and passwords for a domain.
171. What are the key areas in which Governance model should be applied?
The key areas in which governance model should be applied are:
1. IT governance - regulation over hardware, software, security, infrastructure, backup and recovery, Multitenancy, Windows PowerShell as well as the services provided;
2. Information Architecture - design and administration of information life cycles, content types, metadata, taxonomy, workflow, navigation and site structure, Document library, lists, web pages and data.
3. Customization Policy - administration and control of custom solutions built on top of or integrated within the SharePoint environment. Customization introduces risks to the stability, maintenance, and security of the SharePoint Server 2010 environment. 4. Branding - A formal set of branding policies helps ensure that sites consistently use enterprise imagery, fonts, themes, and other design elements.
172. What are the various permission levels in SharePoint?
Eight major Permission level in SharePoint are
1- Full Control
2- Design
3- Contribute
4- Read
5- Limited Access
6- Restricted Read
7- Approve
8- Manage Hierarchy
173. What permissions developer must have to install a webpart or any custom solution in SharePoint 2010 using PowerShell?
168. What is the difference between method activity and event activity in Workflow?
A method activity is one that performs an action, such as creating or updating a task. An event activity is one that runs in response to an action occurring.
169. What is Governance model?
Governance is the set of policies, roles, responsibilities, and processes that guides, directs, and controls how an organization's business division and IT team works together to achieve business goals. A comprehensive governance plan can benefit the organization by:
· Streamlining the deployment of products and technologies, such as SharePoint Server 2010.
· Protecting the enterprise from security threats or noncompliance liability.
· Ensuring the best return on the investment in technologies.
170. What is Active Directory?
Active Directory is a database that keeps track of all the user accounts and passwords in organization. It allows user to store user accounts and passwords in one protected location, improving organization's security. Active Directory is subdivided into one or more domains. A domain is a security boundary. A server computer called a domain controller (DC) hosts each domain. A domain controller manages all of the user accounts and passwords for a domain.
171. What are the key areas in which Governance model should be applied?
The key areas in which governance model should be applied are:
1. IT governance - regulation over hardware, software, security, infrastructure, backup and recovery, Multitenancy, Windows PowerShell as well as the services provided;
2. Information Architecture - design and administration of information life cycles, content types, metadata, taxonomy, workflow, navigation and site structure, Document library, lists, web pages and data.
3. Customization Policy - administration and control of custom solutions built on top of or integrated within the SharePoint environment. Customization introduces risks to the stability, maintenance, and security of the SharePoint Server 2010 environment. 4. Branding - A formal set of branding policies helps ensure that sites consistently use enterprise imagery, fonts, themes, and other design elements.
172. What are the various permission levels in SharePoint?
Eight major Permission level in SharePoint are
1- Full Control
2- Design
3- Contribute
4- Read
5- Limited Access
6- Restricted Read
7- Approve
8- Manage Hierarchy
173. What permissions developer must have to install a webpart or any custom solution in SharePoint 2010 using PowerShell?
In order to use Windows
PowerShell for SharePoint 2010 Products, a user must be a member of the
SharePoint_Shell_Access role on the configuration and content database. In
addition to this, the user must also be a member of the WSS_ADMIN_WPG local
group on the computer where SharePoint 2010 Products is installed.
174. What is Service application framework?
Service application framework provides a platform that allows developers to build scalable middle-tier applications.
175. What is SOA?
174. What is Service application framework?
Service application framework provides a platform that allows developers to build scalable middle-tier applications.
175. What is SOA?
SOA can be termed as “A
service-oriented architecture is essentially a collection of services. These
services communicate with each other. The communication can involve either
simple data passing or it could involve two or more services coordinating some
activity. Some means of connecting services to each other is needed. It can
also be stated as rather than developing software as a monolithic, inseparable,
intertwined, chunk of code, System design is comprised of autonomous “services”
each providing some discrete function and/or access to data. These services are
usually implemented in the form of Web Services, which come in many flavors
including SOAP, REST, XML over HTTP, etc. 176. What
are the benefits of SOA?
SOA benefits include:
1. Reuse – once the service is written it can be plugged in wherever
needed versus writing the same application repeatedly every time/place user
need it
2. Consistency – the service executes the same way every time so, for
example, calculations such as APR (a tricky calculation for mortgages and one
that has to be correct per compliance guidelines) and underwriting decisions
are consistent across applications that consume the service.
3. Scalability & Reliability - Because the services run in a web server environment, they
can take advantage of load balancing and fault tolerance technologies to
provide scalability and reliability.
4. Rapid development – several services can be combined very rapidly to create
robust applications without having to write anything but the code necessary to
glue them together
5. Integration – access to line of business systems’ data and functionality becomes trivial if these systems are fronted by services.
5. Integration – access to line of business systems’ data and functionality becomes trivial if these systems are fronted by services.
177. What are the various
services provided by SharePoint?
Services
Description Access Database Services New service that allows for viewing, editing and interacting with MS Access through a browser.
Application Registry Service
Enables users to search and collaborate around business data. Provides backward compatibility to BDC service. Business Data Connectivity Access to line of business systems. Service now supports writing to data services.
Central Administration
Central Admin Site Document Conversions Launcher Service Schedules and initiates document conversions.
Document Conversions Load Balancer Service
Balances document conversions across the SharePoint farm. Excel Calculation Services Ability to interact with Excel files in a browser. New extended functionality.
Lotus Notes Connector
Index service connector to index Lotus Notes Domino Servers. InfoPath Service Supports hosting InfoPath forms in SharePoint.
Managed Metadata Service
New service that manages taxonomy structures and definitions. Microsoft SharePoint Foundation Incoming E-mail Email service. This will run on the machine where the web application is running.
Microsoft SharePoint Foundation Subscription Settings Services
New service used to track subscription IDs and settings for services that deployed in partition mode. Microsoft SharePoint Foundation User Code Service New service runs code deployed as part of a sandbox solution and runs in restricted mode. Must be started on any machine in the farm that needs to run Sandbox code.
Microsoft SharePoint Foundation Web Application
The service that runs the web application. Microsoft SharePoint Foundation Workflow Timer Service Responsible for running timer jobs.
PerformancePoint
BI Dashboard services. PowerPoint New services that allows viewing, editing and broadcasting PowerPoint in a browser.
Search Query and Site Settings Service
Service that performs a query across built indexes. Secure Store Service Service provide SSO authentication.
SharePoint Foundation Search
Service that provides search capabilities for SharePoint Foundation Search only. For SharePoint Server 2010 Standard and Enterprise this service will perform online Help search. SharePoint Server Search Crawls content, creates indexes and performs queries. Automatically configured.
State Service
New services that provides temporary storage of user session data for SharePoint components. Usage and Health Data Collection Reporting services that provide farm wide usage and health.
User Profile
New and expanded social networking services and features. User Profile Synchronization Service Synchronizes user and group profile information that is stored in the SharePoint Server 2010 profile store with profile information that is stored in directory services across the enterprise. Works with AD, BDC, Novel LDAP and Sun LDAP .
Visio Graphics Service
Ability to view published Visio diagrams in a browser.
Web Analytics Data Processing Service Captures data for analytics.
Web Analytics Web Service
Web service interfaces for analytics. Word Automation Services Service that performs automated bulk document conversions.
178. What is Business intelligence?
Business intelligence provides business intelligence feature that allows tracking key performance indicators and BI dashboards into the team site.
179. What is Business data catalog?
Business data catalog (BDC) integrates external data into the SharePoint server. It is a one-way communication.
180. What is Business Connectivity Services (BCS)?
In SharePoint 2010, Business Connectivity Services is all about connecting to external data. BCS enhances the SharePoint platform’s capabilities with out-of-box features, services, and tools that streamline development of solutions with deep integration of external data and services. It is a two-way communication.
181. What is Web Service?
Web services are small units of code designed to handle a limited set of tasks. Web service provides methods that user can use to work remotely with a deployment of windows SharePoint services.
182. What are Event Receivers?
An event receiver is essentially a piece of code, which can be attached to a specific SharePoint object. They will be executed whenever a specified event occurs within that object. We can attach event receivers with Site, List, and List Item.
183. What are the various types of Events in SharePoint?
SharePoint is having two types of events:
Synchronous: happens 'before' the actual event, User has the Http Context and can show an error message in the browser and cancel the event.
Asynchronous: happens 'after' the actual event, there is no Http Context and user cannot directly show an error message or cancel the event in spite of user can handle what happens after the event is fired.
184. What is a Timer job and how it can be deployed?
Timer jobs are Microsoft.SharePoint.Administration.SPJobDefinition objects. To create a timer job, one should create a new class that inherits from SPJobDefinition. Timer jobs can be deployed by using Features, custom applications, Power Shell, or custom STSADM commands.
185. How to debug timer services and event receiver?
Debugging Timer Service: User needs to attach debugger with OWSTIMER.exe process. This is the “Windows SharePoint Services Timer” service.
Debugging Event Receiver: User can attach Visual Studio to the w3wp.exe process and simply put a breakpoint in the event handler code. Alternatively, use System.Diagnostics.Trace to write out information to a log.
186. What is Business Continuity Management?
Business continuity management consists of the business decisions, processes, and tools put in place in advance to handle crises. A crisis might affect the business only, or be part of a local, regional, or national event.
187. What is Windows PowerShell?
Windows PowerShell is the new command line interface and scripting language designed for system administrators to perform tasks like backup, restore etc.
188. What is the path of PowerShell?
Services
Description Access Database Services New service that allows for viewing, editing and interacting with MS Access through a browser.
Application Registry Service
Enables users to search and collaborate around business data. Provides backward compatibility to BDC service. Business Data Connectivity Access to line of business systems. Service now supports writing to data services.
Central Administration
Central Admin Site Document Conversions Launcher Service Schedules and initiates document conversions.
Document Conversions Load Balancer Service
Balances document conversions across the SharePoint farm. Excel Calculation Services Ability to interact with Excel files in a browser. New extended functionality.
Lotus Notes Connector
Index service connector to index Lotus Notes Domino Servers. InfoPath Service Supports hosting InfoPath forms in SharePoint.
Managed Metadata Service
New service that manages taxonomy structures and definitions. Microsoft SharePoint Foundation Incoming E-mail Email service. This will run on the machine where the web application is running.
Microsoft SharePoint Foundation Subscription Settings Services
New service used to track subscription IDs and settings for services that deployed in partition mode. Microsoft SharePoint Foundation User Code Service New service runs code deployed as part of a sandbox solution and runs in restricted mode. Must be started on any machine in the farm that needs to run Sandbox code.
Microsoft SharePoint Foundation Web Application
The service that runs the web application. Microsoft SharePoint Foundation Workflow Timer Service Responsible for running timer jobs.
PerformancePoint
BI Dashboard services. PowerPoint New services that allows viewing, editing and broadcasting PowerPoint in a browser.
Search Query and Site Settings Service
Service that performs a query across built indexes. Secure Store Service Service provide SSO authentication.
SharePoint Foundation Search
Service that provides search capabilities for SharePoint Foundation Search only. For SharePoint Server 2010 Standard and Enterprise this service will perform online Help search. SharePoint Server Search Crawls content, creates indexes and performs queries. Automatically configured.
State Service
New services that provides temporary storage of user session data for SharePoint components. Usage and Health Data Collection Reporting services that provide farm wide usage and health.
User Profile
New and expanded social networking services and features. User Profile Synchronization Service Synchronizes user and group profile information that is stored in the SharePoint Server 2010 profile store with profile information that is stored in directory services across the enterprise. Works with AD, BDC, Novel LDAP and Sun LDAP .
Visio Graphics Service
Ability to view published Visio diagrams in a browser.
Web Analytics Data Processing Service Captures data for analytics.
Web Analytics Web Service
Web service interfaces for analytics. Word Automation Services Service that performs automated bulk document conversions.
178. What is Business intelligence?
Business intelligence provides business intelligence feature that allows tracking key performance indicators and BI dashboards into the team site.
179. What is Business data catalog?
Business data catalog (BDC) integrates external data into the SharePoint server. It is a one-way communication.
180. What is Business Connectivity Services (BCS)?
In SharePoint 2010, Business Connectivity Services is all about connecting to external data. BCS enhances the SharePoint platform’s capabilities with out-of-box features, services, and tools that streamline development of solutions with deep integration of external data and services. It is a two-way communication.
181. What is Web Service?
Web services are small units of code designed to handle a limited set of tasks. Web service provides methods that user can use to work remotely with a deployment of windows SharePoint services.
182. What are Event Receivers?
An event receiver is essentially a piece of code, which can be attached to a specific SharePoint object. They will be executed whenever a specified event occurs within that object. We can attach event receivers with Site, List, and List Item.
183. What are the various types of Events in SharePoint?
SharePoint is having two types of events:
Synchronous: happens 'before' the actual event, User has the Http Context and can show an error message in the browser and cancel the event.
Asynchronous: happens 'after' the actual event, there is no Http Context and user cannot directly show an error message or cancel the event in spite of user can handle what happens after the event is fired.
184. What is a Timer job and how it can be deployed?
Timer jobs are Microsoft.SharePoint.Administration.SPJobDefinition objects. To create a timer job, one should create a new class that inherits from SPJobDefinition. Timer jobs can be deployed by using Features, custom applications, Power Shell, or custom STSADM commands.
185. How to debug timer services and event receiver?
Debugging Timer Service: User needs to attach debugger with OWSTIMER.exe process. This is the “Windows SharePoint Services Timer” service.
Debugging Event Receiver: User can attach Visual Studio to the w3wp.exe process and simply put a breakpoint in the event handler code. Alternatively, use System.Diagnostics.Trace to write out information to a log.
186. What is Business Continuity Management?
Business continuity management consists of the business decisions, processes, and tools put in place in advance to handle crises. A crisis might affect the business only, or be part of a local, regional, or national event.
187. What is Windows PowerShell?
Windows PowerShell is the new command line interface and scripting language designed for system administrators to perform tasks like backup, restore etc.
188. What is the path of PowerShell?
The path of the PowerShell is: %WINDIR%\SysNative\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe.
189. What is Stsadm?
Stsadm is command line utility located at the following path on the drive where SharePoint Products and Technologies is installed: %PROGRAM%FILES\COMMON%FILES\Microsoft%shared\web%server% extensions\14\bin. Stsadm provides a method for performing the administration tasks like backup, restore etc.
190. What is the advantage of using Windows PowerShell over Stsadm in SharePoint 2010?
Unlike Stsadm, which accept and return text, Windows PowerShell is built on the Microsoft .NET Framework and accepts and returns .NET Framework objects. Windows PowerShell also gives user access to the file system on the computer and enables to access other data stores, such as the registry and the digital signature certificate stores etc.
191. What is the Stsadm command for installing, activating and deactivating a feature?
For installation
stsadm.exe -o installfeature -name "sample" –force
For Activation
stsadm.exe -o activatefeature -name "sample" -URL http://portal.espire.com
For Deactivation
Stsadm -o deactivatefeature -filename -name <feature folder> [-URL] <URL name> [-force]
192. How to move SharePoint application from one server to another?
1. Use the WSP Packages feature to export and to import a Windows SharePoint Services Web site
2. Back up the Windows SharePoint Services Web site then Restore on Windows SharePoint Services Web site.
3. Move SharePoint foundation or SharePoint Server 2010 content databases or configuration database from one SQL server to another.
193. What are the Methods of Backup and Recovery in SharePoint 2010?
Microsoft SharePoint Server 2010 provides a broad range of levels for performing backups, including the entire farm, farm configuration information, site collections, subsites, or lists. SharePoint Server 2010 uses two different tools to configure backup and recovery.
1. Central Administration: Central Administration provides a user interface where SharePoint Administrators will be prompted via menu structures to select the information that needs to be backed up.
2. Windows PowerShell: Windows PowerShell is a command line tool that provides SharePoint administrators a way to perform backup and recovery with additional options such as file compression or working with SQL snapshots.
194. What is the Stsadm command for backup?
To export sites Stsadm command.
Stsadm –o export –URL <URL> -filename <FILENAME> .cmp
To back up a site collection, user must use the following Stsadm command.
Stsadm –o backup –URL <URL of the site collection> -filename <Name of the backup file>
To back up an individual database, Web application, or the entire farm, user can use the following Stsadm command
Stsadm –o backup –directory <UNC path or local drive> -backupmethod <full or differential>
195. What is the Stsadm command for restore?
To import sites to the SharePoint Products and Technologies deployment, user uses the following Stsadm command.
Stsadm –o import –URL <URL> -filename <FILENAME>.cmp
To restore a site collection, user must use the following Stsadm command.
Stsadm –o restore –URL <URL of the site collection> -filename <Name of the backup file>
To restore an entire farm user can use the following Stsadm command.
Stsadm –o restore –directory <UNC path or local drive> -restoremethod <overwrite or new>
196. How to list all the commands in PowerShell?
189. What is Stsadm?
Stsadm is command line utility located at the following path on the drive where SharePoint Products and Technologies is installed: %PROGRAM%FILES\COMMON%FILES\Microsoft%shared\web%server% extensions\14\bin. Stsadm provides a method for performing the administration tasks like backup, restore etc.
190. What is the advantage of using Windows PowerShell over Stsadm in SharePoint 2010?
Unlike Stsadm, which accept and return text, Windows PowerShell is built on the Microsoft .NET Framework and accepts and returns .NET Framework objects. Windows PowerShell also gives user access to the file system on the computer and enables to access other data stores, such as the registry and the digital signature certificate stores etc.
191. What is the Stsadm command for installing, activating and deactivating a feature?
For installation
stsadm.exe -o installfeature -name "sample" –force
For Activation
stsadm.exe -o activatefeature -name "sample" -URL http://portal.espire.com
For Deactivation
Stsadm -o deactivatefeature -filename -name <feature folder> [-URL] <URL name> [-force]
192. How to move SharePoint application from one server to another?
1. Use the WSP Packages feature to export and to import a Windows SharePoint Services Web site
2. Back up the Windows SharePoint Services Web site then Restore on Windows SharePoint Services Web site.
3. Move SharePoint foundation or SharePoint Server 2010 content databases or configuration database from one SQL server to another.
193. What are the Methods of Backup and Recovery in SharePoint 2010?
Microsoft SharePoint Server 2010 provides a broad range of levels for performing backups, including the entire farm, farm configuration information, site collections, subsites, or lists. SharePoint Server 2010 uses two different tools to configure backup and recovery.
1. Central Administration: Central Administration provides a user interface where SharePoint Administrators will be prompted via menu structures to select the information that needs to be backed up.
2. Windows PowerShell: Windows PowerShell is a command line tool that provides SharePoint administrators a way to perform backup and recovery with additional options such as file compression or working with SQL snapshots.
194. What is the Stsadm command for backup?
To export sites Stsadm command.
Stsadm –o export –URL <URL> -filename <FILENAME> .cmp
To back up a site collection, user must use the following Stsadm command.
Stsadm –o backup –URL <URL of the site collection> -filename <Name of the backup file>
To back up an individual database, Web application, or the entire farm, user can use the following Stsadm command
Stsadm –o backup –directory <UNC path or local drive> -backupmethod <full or differential>
195. What is the Stsadm command for restore?
To import sites to the SharePoint Products and Technologies deployment, user uses the following Stsadm command.
Stsadm –o import –URL <URL> -filename <FILENAME>.cmp
To restore a site collection, user must use the following Stsadm command.
Stsadm –o restore –URL <URL of the site collection> -filename <Name of the backup file>
To restore an entire farm user can use the following Stsadm command.
Stsadm –o restore –directory <UNC path or local drive> -restoremethod <overwrite or new>
196. How to list all the commands in PowerShell?
Get-Command * command lists
all the PowerShell commands in the PowerShell prompt.
197. Can admin create
PowerShell scripts for deploying components in SharePoint?
If developer is creating a
webpart with VS 2010 then webpart can be deployed by using ctrl + f5. However,
to activate the webpart feature admin can write a PowerShell script (.ps1) and
execute it after deployment.
198. Can multiple
SharePoint applications points to the same DB?
Multiple SharePoint installs can use the same database
server not the same database on that server.
199. How to write ULS logs in SharePoint 2010?
In SharePoint, ULS exposes configurable settings in two ways, through the – Object model and Windows PowerShell cmdlets. For writing to SharePoint ULS logs, developers can use Diagnostics Service, which will make the customized categories viewable in the administrative UI for our errors. On the other hand, they can use the number of cmdlets available for accessing ULS logs using PowerShell. Some of the cmdlets are Get-SPDiagnosticConfig ,Get-SPLogEvent etc.
200. What does Development Environment for SharePoint 2010 means?
Development Environment is a set of plans for development of any software. This is a plan to set up machines, installation of software, tools and developers for development. The choice will be determined by factors specific to organization and environment (such as budget, the size of the development team, and the operating systems that organization already uses).
201. What are the various testing that needs to be done on SharePoint 2010 Application?
1. Performance Testing:
In SharePoint performance testing is in general testing performed to determine how a system or web application performs in terms of responsiveness and stability under a particular workload. It can also serve to investigate measure, validate or verify other quality attribute of the system, such as scalability, reliability and resource usage.
2. Stress Testing:
Stress Testing is normally used to understand the upper limits of capacity within the system. This kind of test is done to determine the system's robustness in terms of extreme load and helps application administrators to determine if the system will perform sufficiently if the current load goes well above the expected maximum.
3. Load Testing:
Load Testing is the simplest form of performance testing. A load test is usually conducted to understand the behavior of the system under a specific expected load. This load can be the expected concurrent number of users on the application performing a specific number of clicks or transactions within the set duration. This test gives out the response times of all the important business critical transactions, if the database, application server are also monitored, then this simple test can itself point towards any bottleneck in the application software.
4. Functional Testing:
Functional testing refers to any procedure that tests the functionality of an application from the perspective of a user. Functional tests can include manual tests, Web tests, and integration tests. Integration tests are included in functional testing because systems often expose APIs for extensibility or for programmatic use.
199. How to write ULS logs in SharePoint 2010?
In SharePoint, ULS exposes configurable settings in two ways, through the – Object model and Windows PowerShell cmdlets. For writing to SharePoint ULS logs, developers can use Diagnostics Service, which will make the customized categories viewable in the administrative UI for our errors. On the other hand, they can use the number of cmdlets available for accessing ULS logs using PowerShell. Some of the cmdlets are Get-SPDiagnosticConfig ,Get-SPLogEvent etc.
200. What does Development Environment for SharePoint 2010 means?
Development Environment is a set of plans for development of any software. This is a plan to set up machines, installation of software, tools and developers for development. The choice will be determined by factors specific to organization and environment (such as budget, the size of the development team, and the operating systems that organization already uses).
201. What are the various testing that needs to be done on SharePoint 2010 Application?
1. Performance Testing:
In SharePoint performance testing is in general testing performed to determine how a system or web application performs in terms of responsiveness and stability under a particular workload. It can also serve to investigate measure, validate or verify other quality attribute of the system, such as scalability, reliability and resource usage.
2. Stress Testing:
Stress Testing is normally used to understand the upper limits of capacity within the system. This kind of test is done to determine the system's robustness in terms of extreme load and helps application administrators to determine if the system will perform sufficiently if the current load goes well above the expected maximum.
3. Load Testing:
Load Testing is the simplest form of performance testing. A load test is usually conducted to understand the behavior of the system under a specific expected load. This load can be the expected concurrent number of users on the application performing a specific number of clicks or transactions within the set duration. This test gives out the response times of all the important business critical transactions, if the database, application server are also monitored, then this simple test can itself point towards any bottleneck in the application software.
4. Functional Testing:
Functional testing refers to any procedure that tests the functionality of an application from the perspective of a user. Functional tests can include manual tests, Web tests, and integration tests. Integration tests are included in functional testing because systems often expose APIs for extensibility or for programmatic use.
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